How to format your references using the Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rapoport, T. A. (2007). Protein translocation across the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum and bacterial plasma membranes. Nature, 450(7170), 663–669.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cheetham, A. K., & Rao, C. N. R. (2007). Materials science. There’s room in the middle. Science (New York, N.Y.), 318(5847), 58–59.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hoffman, B. D., Grashoff, C., & Schwartz, M. A. (2011). Dynamic molecular processes mediate cellular mechanotransduction. Nature, 475(7356), 316–323.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Reiter, J. G., Makohon-Moore, A. P., Gerold, J. M., Heyde, A., Attiyeh, M. A., Kohutek, Z. A., Tokheim, C. J., Brown, A., DeBlasio, R. M., Niyazov, J., Zucker, A., Karchin, R., Kinzler, K. W., Iacobuzio-Donahue, C. A., Vogelstein, B., & Nowak, M. A. (2018). Minimal functional driver gene heterogeneity among untreated metastases. Science (New York, N.Y.), 361(6406), 1033–1037.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brown, M., & Cutler, T. J. (2012). Haematology Nursing. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Blokhuis, H., Miele, M., Veissier, I., & Jones, B. (Eds.). (2013). Improving farm animal welfare: Science and society working together: the Welfare Quality approach. Wageningen Academic Publishers.

A chapter in an edited book

Strauss, B., & Brenk-Franz, K. (2016). The Relevance of Attachment Theory in Medical Care. In J. Hunter & R. Maunder (Eds.), Improving Patient Treatment with Attachment Theory: A Guide for Primary Care Practitioners and Specialists (pp. 39–52). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2015, October 5). Farmers Stumble Across Mammoth Skeleton In Their Soybean Field. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1978). U.S. Economic Aid for the West Bank and Gaza (ID-78-35). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bailoor, S. (2016). Implicit-Explicit Time stepping for a Two-Dimensional Inviscid Fluid-Structure Interaction Solver [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2016, November 14). A Historical Nightmare of Racism, Hypnotically Retold. New York Times, C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rapoport, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Cheetham & Rao, 2007; Rapoport, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cheetham & Rao, 2007)
Three authors: (Hoffman et al., 2011)
6 or more authors: (Reiter et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change
Abbreviation	J. Tour. Cult. Chang.
ISSN (print)	1476-6825
ISSN (online)	1747-7654
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management Nature and Landscape Conservation Geography, Planning and Development Transportation Cultural Studies

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