How to format your references using the The Journal of Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Powell, K. 2005. Getting schooled. Nature 435: 850–851.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Watson-Capps, J. J., and T. R. Cech. 2014. Academia and industry: Companies on campus. Nature 514: 297–298.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Dian, B. C., A. Longarte, and T. S. Zwier. 2002. Conformational dynamics in a dipeptide after single-mode vibrational excitation. Science 296: 2369–2373.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Bekker, A., H. D. Holland, P.-L. Wang, D. Rumble 3rd, H. J. Stein, J. L. Hannah, L. L. Coetzee, and N. J. Beukes. 2004. Dating the rise of atmospheric oxygen. Nature 427: 117–120.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Furmston, M. 2012. Powell-Smith and Furmston’s Building Contract Casebook,. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

1. 2015. Wastewater: Economic Asset in an Urbanizing World, (P. Drechsel, M. Qadir, and D. Wichelns, eds). Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Dai, Y., and J. Steinberger. 2016. Indifferentiability of 8-Round Feistel Networks. In Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2016: 36th Annual International Cryptology Conference, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 14-18, 2016, Proceedings, Part I. Lecture Notes in Computer Science M. Robshaw, and J. Katz, eds. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 95–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Immunology.

Blog post

1. Hale, T. 2016. Planet Earth II Releases New Footage Of The Epic Baby Iguana-Snake Showdown. IFLScience .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. 1993. Social Security: Telephone Busy Signal Rates at Local SSA Field Offices,. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Jin, H. 2014. Periodic Motions and Bifurcation Tree in a Periodically Excited Duffing Oscillator with Time-delay. .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly, M. 1992. THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: Hometown; Perot Isn’t Necessarily Texarkana’s Favorite Son. New York Times 128.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Immunology
Abbreviation	J. Immunol.
ISSN (print)	0022-1767
ISSN (online)	1550-6606
Scope	Immunology