How to format your references using the The Journal of Experimental Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Experimental Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Elmegreen, B. 2014. Astrophysics: How tiny galaxies form stars. Nature. 514:310–311.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hartonen, T., and M.J. Alava. 2013. How important tasks are performed: peer review. Sci. Rep. 3:1679.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gaydos, L.J., W. Wang, and S. Strome. 2014. Gene repression. H3K27me and PRC2 transmit a memory of repression across generations and during development. Science. 345:1515–1518.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Bao, H., I.J. Fairchild, P.M. Wynn, and C. Spötl. 2009. Stretching the envelope of past surface environments: Neoproterozoic glacial lakes from Svalbard. Science. 323:119–122.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Maidl, B., M. Herrenknecht, U. Maidl, and G. Wehrmeyer. 2012. Mechanised Shield Tunnelling. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Kudenko, D., D. Kazakov, and E. Alonso eds. . 2005. Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems II: Adaptation and Multi-Agent Learning. 3394. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. VIII, 313 p pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Guo, Y., L. Ma, F. Zhu, and F. Liu. 2016. Selecting Training Samples from Large-Scale Remote-Sensing Samples Using an Active Learning Algorithm. In Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Systems: 7th International Symposium, ISICA 2015, Guangzhou, China, November 21-22, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. K. Li, J. Li, Y. Liu, and A. Castiglione, editors. Springer, Singapore. 40–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Experimental Medicine.

Blog post

Hale, T. 2015. The White House Starts Twitter Account To Spread Awareness Of Climate Change. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Space Station: Cost to Operate After Assembly is Uncertain. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chamberlin, A.A. 2015. Academic-related factors and emotional eating in adolescents. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. 2010. That General-Store Feeling. New York Times. NJ14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Elmegreen, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Elmegreen, 2014; Hartonen and Alava, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hartonen and Alava, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Bao et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Experimental Medicine
Abbreviation	J. Exp. Med.
ISSN (print)	0022-1007
ISSN (online)	1540-9538
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy