How to format your references using the The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Reynolds SE. Ecology. Immunity and invasive success. Science 2013;340(6134):816–817.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang L, Doudna JA. Structural insights into group II intron catalysis and branch-site selection. Science 2002;295(5562):2084–2088.

A journal article with 3 authors

Czaplicka A, Holyst JA, Sloot PMA. Noise enhances information transfer in hierarchical networks. Sci Rep 2013;3:1223.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Vigneron N, Stroobant V, Chapiro J, et al. An antigenic peptide produced by peptide splicing in the proteasome. Science 2004;304(5670):587–590.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Camman C, Fiore C, Livolsi L, Querro P. Supply Chain Management and Business Performance. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017;

An edited book

Schneier-Madanes G, Courel M-F, editors. Water and Sustainability in Arid Regions: Bridging the Gap Between Physical and Social Sciences. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010;

A chapter in an edited book

Sahu PK, Pal SR, Das AK. Interval Estimation. In: Pal SR, Das AK, editors. Estimation and Inferential Statistics. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015; p. 131–144.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa.

Blog post

Fang J. Fanged Deer Spotted In Afghanistan. IFLScience. 2014;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Advanced Automation System: Implications of Problems and Recent Changes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1994;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shamloo Aliabadi E. The effect of distortion on trajectory of diesel Particulate Matters (PM) from mobile sources. 2013;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Daoud K. The French Disconnection. New York Times. 2017;A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa
ISSN (print)	1817-4434
ISSN (online)	2415-2005
Scope