How to format your references using the The Journal for Nurse Practitioners citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Boughman JW. Divergent sexual selection enhances reproductive isolation in sticklebacks. Nature. 2001;411(6840):944-948.

A journal article with 2 authors

Selosse MA, Rousset F. Evolution. The plant-fungal marketplace. Science. 2011;333(6044):828-829.

A journal article with 3 authors

West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ. A general model for ontogenetic growth. Nature. 2001;413(6856):628-631.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tudosa I, Stamm C, Kashuba AB, et al. The ultimate speed of magnetic switching in granular recording media. Nature. 2004;428(6985):831-833.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Diels JC, Arissian L. Lasers. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2011.

An edited book

Marian Scott E, Alekseev AY, Zaitseva G, eds. Impact of the Environment on Human Migration in Eurasia. Vol 42. Springer Netherlands; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Dobrowolski JC, Lipinski PJF, Rode JE, Sadlej J. α-Amino Acids In Water: A Review Of VCD And ROA Spectra. In: Baranska M, ed. Optical Spectroscopy and Computational Methods in Biology and Medicine. Springer Netherlands; 2014:83-160.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal for Nurse Practitioners.

Blog post

Davis J. Newly Discovered Relative Of The Velociraptor Had A Keen Sense Of Smell. IFLScience. May 12, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-relative-velociraptor-had-keen-sense-smell/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. FCC: Provision of Roaming Services by Commercial Mobile Radio Service Providers. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lim K. An Inquiry of How Art Education Policies Are Reflected in Art Teacher Preparation: Examining the Standards for Visual Arts and Art Teacher Certification. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Bruce Arrived in Camp Expecting to Stay With Team. New York Times. February 17, 2017:B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
Abbreviation	J. Nurse Pract.
ISSN (print)	1555-4155
Scope	Fundamentals and skills LPN and LVN