How to format your references using the The Journal for Nurse Practitioners citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang K. Sampling biases in datasets of historical mean air temperature over land. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4637.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stumpf MPH, Porter MA. Mathematics. Critical truths about power laws. Science. 2012;335(6069):665-666.

A journal article with 3 authors

Traag VA, Krings G, Van Dooren P. Significant scales in community structure. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2930.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yoshida R, Tsubota K, Ishiga T, et al. Translational symmetry breaking and gapping of heavy-quasiparticle pocket in URu₂Si₂. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2750.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

First MB, Tasman A. Clinical Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

Janoušek V. Geochemical Modelling of Igneous Processes – Principles And Recipes in R Language: Bringing the Power of R to a Geochemical Community. 1st ed. 2016. (Moyen JF, Martin H, Erban V, Farrow C, eds.). Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Alves-Prado HF, Bocchini DA, Gomes E, et al. Optimization of Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase Production From Bacillus clausii E16 in Submerged Fermentation Using Response Surface Methodology. In: Mielenz JR, Klasson KT, Adney WS, McMillan JD, eds. Applied Biochemistry and Biotecnology: The Twenty-Eighth Symposium Proceedings of the Twenty-Eight Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals Held April 30–May 3, 2006, in Nashville, Tennessee. Humana Press; 2007:27-40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal for Nurse Practitioners.

Blog post

Andrew E. Quantum Weirdness Passes The Atomic Walk Test. IFLScience. March 11, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/quantum-weirdness-passes-atomic-walk-test/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Maritime Transportation: Implications of Using U.S. Liquefied-Natural-Gas Carriers for Exports. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pratt JE. Investigating Educational Systems, Leadership, and School Culture: A Holistic Approach. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy MJO. Weekend Entertainments From the Archives of The New York Times. New York Times. April 3, 2015:C30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
Abbreviation	J. Nurse Pract.
ISSN (print)	1555-4155
Scope	Fundamentals and skills LPN and LVN