How to format your references using the The Internet and Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Internet and Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott, A. (2002). Rising star crashes back to Earth. Nature, 419(6906), 420–421.

A journal article with 2 authors

Allen, R. M., & Kanamori, H. (2003). The potential for earthquake early warning in southern California. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5620), 786–789.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schuler, B., Lipman, E. A., & Eaton, W. A. (2002). Probing the free-energy surface for protein folding with single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. Nature, 419(6908), 743–747.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Mondello, S., Buki, A., Barzo, P., Randall, J., Provuncher, G., Hanlon, D., Wilson, D., Kobeissy, F., & Jeromin, A. (2014). CSF and plasma amyloid-β temporal profiles and relationships with neurological status and mortality after severe traumatic brain injury. Scientific Reports, 4, 6446.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Egan, W. F. (2011). Advanced Frequency Synthesis by Phase Lock. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Chen, K., Deng, R., Lai, X., & Zhou, J. (Eds.). (2006). Information Security Practice and Experience: Second International Conference, ISPEC 2006, Hangzhou, China, April 11-14, 2006. Proceedings (Vol. 3903). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Akerson, V. L., Weiland, I., & Fouad, K. E. (2015). Children’s Ideas About Life Science Concepts. In K. Cabe Trundle & M. Saçkes (Eds.), Research in Early Childhood Science Education (pp. 99–123). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Internet and Higher Education.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, May 26). Paralysed Patient Makes Natural Movements Using Robotics And The Power Of Thought. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1986). Selected Information on Bypass of Local Telephone Companies (RCED-86-100). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Messian, N. M. (2012). The Spiral of Time: A Path to the Soul—Jewish Mystical and Depth Psychological Perspectives [Doctoral dissertation]. Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2009, March 22). Citing Taxes, Some Seek Fire District’s Demise. New York Times, LI5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Abbott, 2002; Allen & Kanamori, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Allen & Kanamori, 2003)
Three authors: (Schuler et al., 2002)
6 or more authors: (Mondello et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Internet and Higher Education
Abbreviation	Internet High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	1096-7516
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Education