How to format your references using the The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ho D (2005) Is China prepared for microbial threats? Nature 435:421–422

A journal article with 2 authors

Boltasseva A, Shalaev VM (2015) Materials science. All that glitters need not be gold. Science 347:1308–1310

A journal article with 3 authors

Behn MD, Hirth G, Kelemen PB (2007) Trench-parallel anisotropy produced by foundering of arc lower crust. Science 317:108–111

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Sauerwald A, Zhu W, Major TA, et al (2005) RNA-dependent cysteine biosynthesis in archaea. Science 307:1969–1972

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wells JT (2017) Corporate Fraud Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Ostwald MJ (2015) Architecture and Mathematics from Antiquity to the Future: Volume I: Antiquity to the 1500s. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Tang M, Liu J, Zhang G (2011) Improved Compact Routing Schemes for Power-Law Networks. In: Altman E, Shi W (eds) Network and Parallel Computing: 8th IFIP International Conference, NPC 2011, Changsha, China, October 21-23, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 44–58

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Nine Surprising Facts About Breasts You Probably Didn’t Know. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) A Bibliography of Documents Issued by the GAO on Matters Related to: ADP. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia R (2010) The California State University education doctorate: Public policy for the public good. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2006) Sect Allowed to Import Its Hallucinogenic Tea. New York Times A14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
Abbreviation	Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1569-5794
ISSN (online)	1573-0743
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging