How to format your references using the The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lucht RP (2007) Chemistry. Femtosecond lasers for molecular measurements. Science 316:207–208

A journal article with 2 authors

Oliveri P, Davidson EH (2007) Development. Built to run, not fail. Science 315:1510–1511

A journal article with 3 authors

Sugawara T, Kano F, Murata M (2014) Rab2A is a pivotal switch protein that promotes either secretion or ER-associated degradation of (pro)insulin in insulin-secreting cells. Sci Rep 4:6952

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Shibuya A, Itoh T, Tukey RH, Fujiwara R (2013) Impact of fatty acids on human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 activity and its expression in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Sci Rep 3:2903

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Deroussi L (2016) Metaheuristics for Logistics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Peixoto MM, Pinto AA, Rand DA (2011) Dynamics, Games and Science II: DYNA 2008, in Honor of Maurício Peixoto and David Rand, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, September 8-12, 2008. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Kappler M, Sachs A, Keil J, Sachs A (2013) Determinants of Business Cycle Synchronisation. In: Kappler M, Sachs A (eds) Business Cycle Synchronisation and Economic Integration: New Evidence from the EU. Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, pp 93–145

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2016) Photographer Accidentally Captures Stunning Time-Lapse Of SpaceX Rocket Landing. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/photographer-accidentally-captures-stunning-time-lapse-spacex-rocket-landing/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) Drug Control: Status Report on Counterdrug Technology Development. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Waldner BW (2013) Determining Relationships Between Technology Acceptance and Employee Attitudes Toward Automated Workflows in the Oil Industry. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK (2002) World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Putin Removes Official. New York Times A4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
Abbreviation	Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1569-5794
ISSN (online)	1573-0743
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging