How to format your references using the The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blaaderen A van (2003) Chemistry. Colloidal molecules and beyond. Science 301:470–471

A journal article with 2 authors

Andersson C, Read D (2014) Group size and cultural complexity. Nature 511:E1

A journal article with 3 authors

Matsushita T, Mochizuki N, Nagatani A (2003) Dimers of the N-terminal domain of phytochrome B are functional in the nucleus. Nature 424:571–574

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Britton-Davidian J, Catalan J, da Graça Ramalhinho M, et al (2000) Rapid chromosomal evolution in island mice. Nature 403:158

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aichinger M, Binder A (2013) A Workout in Computational Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Sebban S, Gautier J, Ros D, Zeitoun P (2014) X-Ray Lasers 2012: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers, 11–15 June 2012, Paris, France. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Kress B (2009) Neurolues. In: Hähnel S (ed) Inflammatory Diseases of the Brain. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 71–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Scientists Find Direct Evidence That Atmospheric CO2 Heats Earth’s Crust. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scientists-find-direct-evidence-atmospheric-co2-heats-earth-s-crust/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Government Civilian Aircraft: Use of Government Aircraft by the Attorney General and FBI Director. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Latronica AN (2016) The effect of emotion regulation on stress and the role of executive function. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2010) St. John’s Takes an Opener, With No Fight From UConn. New York Times B13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
Abbreviation	Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1569-5794
ISSN (online)	1573-0743
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging