How to format your references using the The European Journal of Health Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The European Journal of Health Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buratowski, S.: Gene expression: transcription initiation unwrapped. Nature. 483, 286–287 (2012)

A journal article with 2 authors

Vidale, J.E., Earle, P.S.: Fine-scale heterogeneity in the Earth’s inner core. Nature. 404, 273–275 (2000)

A journal article with 3 authors

Yanoviak, S.P., Dudley, R., Kaspari, M.: Directed aerial descent in canopy ants. Nature. 433, 624–626 (2005)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wu, Y., Qin, G., Gao, F., Liu, Y., Vavricka, C.J., Qi, J., Jiang, H., Yu, K., Gao, G.F.: Induced opening of influenza virus neuraminidase N2 150-loop suggests an important role in inhibitor binding. Sci. Rep. 3, 1551 (2013)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Keiser, G.: FTTX Concepts and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2006)

An edited book

Vogel, D., Guo, X., Linger, H., Barry, C., Lang, M., Schneider, C. eds: Transforming Healthcare Through Information Systems: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Information Systems Development. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Gahbiche, S., Pernelle, N., Saïs, F.: Explaining Reference Reconciliation Decisions: A Coloured Petri Nets Based Approach. In: Guillet, F., Ritschard, G., and Zighed, D.A. (eds.) Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Management: Volume 2. pp. 63–81. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The European Journal of Health Economics.

Blog post

Luntz, S.: The Amazon River Flows Backwards, And Now Scientists Have Figured Out Why

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Aviation Security: TSA Has Taken Steps to Improve Vetting of Airport Workers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2015)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liao, W.: The epitope specificity of the human anti-Candida albicans antibody M1g1, (2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, J.C., Jr: Man Convicted of Murder in Patz Case Is Sentenced to 25 Years to Life, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The European Journal of Health Economics
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Health Econ.
ISSN (print)	1618-7598
ISSN (online)	1618-7601
Scope	Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) Health Policy