How to format your references using the The Cryosphere citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Cryosphere. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Corral, G. H.: Stand up against the anti-technology terrorists, Nature, 476, 373, 2011.

A journal article with 2 authors

Margoliash, D. and Tchernichovski, O.: DEVELOPMENT. Marmoset kids actually listen, Science, 349, 688–689, 2015.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jouvenet, N., Bieniasz, P. D., and Simon, S. M.: Imaging the biogenesis of individual HIV-1 virions in live cells, Nature, 454, 236–240, 2008.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Gsponer, J., Futschik, M. E., Teichmann, S. A., and Babu, M. M.: Tight regulation of unstructured proteins: from transcript synthesis to protein degradation, Science, 322, 1365–1368, 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stack, T., Ostrom, L. T., and Wilhelmsen, C. A.: Occupational Ergonomics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

Thilenius, P., Pahlberg, C., and Havila, V. (Eds.): Extending the Business Network Approach: New Territories, New Technologies, New Terms, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, XXIII, 381 p. 19 illus., 18 illus. in color pp., 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

King, R., Mehrmann, V., and Nitsche, W.: Active Flow Control—A Mathematical Challenge, in: Production Factor Mathematics, edited by: Grötschel, M., Lucas, K., and Mehrmann, V., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 73–80, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Cryosphere.

Blog post

Scientists Revolutionize the Search for Other Worlds:

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Review of Certain Problems in the Cosmetology Accrediting Commission, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1975.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Conway, A. H.: Signs and symptoms of moral injury in female vietnam veterans: A qualitative examination of the nvvrs, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Apuzzo, M., Goldman, A., and Mazzetti, M.: F.B.I. Warned G.O.P. Congressman Russian Spies Were Recruiting Him, New York Times, 19th May, A15, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Corral, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Corral, 2011; Margoliash and Tchernichovski, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Margoliash and Tchernichovski, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Gsponer et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Cryosphere
ISSN (print)	1994-0416
ISSN (online)	1994-0424
Scope	Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology