How to format your references using the The Canadian Veterinary Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Canadian Veterinary Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Errico A. Judge by actions, not words. Nature. 2015 Jun 25;522(7557):393.

A journal article with 2 authors

Siller S, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK. steven.siller@zoo.ox.ac.uk. Sexual selection and the maintenance of sex. Nature. 2001 Jun 7;411(6838):689–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhao B, Moore JS, Beebe DJ. Surface-directed liquid flow inside microchannels. Science. 2001 Feb 9;291(5506):1023–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Favors Z, Wang W, Bay HH, George A, Ozkan M, Ozkan CS. Stable cycling of SiO₂ nanotubes as high-performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Sci Rep. 2014 Apr 15;4:4605.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ruehli AE, Antonini G, Jiang L. Circuit Oriented Electromagnetic Modeling Using the Peec Techniques. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Mahlich J, Pascha W, editors. Korean Science and Technology in an International Perspective. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD; 2012. X, 290 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Jimenez-Villar E, Mestre V, De Sá GF. High Performance in Random Laser Using a Colloidal Suspension of TiO2@Silica Nanoparticles. In: Ribeiro PA, Raposo M, editors. Photoptics 2014: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 39–49. (Springer Proceedings in Physics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Canadian Veterinary Journal.

Blog post

Fang J. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015. Why Are Humans So Afraid Of Spiders?

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Sanitary Conditions in Selected Food Industries. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978 Apr. Report No.: 107042.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ryan BA. Computer-Based Versus Paper-Pencil Modes of Administration United States Government End of Course Exams: Student Cumulative Grade Point Averages as Predictors of Success [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. Milestone for BMI: More Than $1 Billion in Music Royalties. New York Times. 2017 Sep 7;B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The Canadian Veterinary Journal
ISSN (print)	0008-5286
Scope