How to format your references using the The Bovine Practitioner citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Bovine Practitioner. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Scodeggio M. Astronomy. Toward resolving the mystery of galaxy formation. Science 2001;294:537–538.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Indriolo E, Goring DR. Plant science. Pollen gets more complex. Science 2010;330:767–768.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Oganov AR, Brodholt JP, Price GD. The elastic constants of MgSiO3 perovskite at pressures and temperatures of the Earth’s mantle. Nature 2001;411:934–937.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Benner SA, Caraco MD, Thomson JM, et al. Planetary biology--paleontological, geological, and molecular histories of life. Science 2002;296:864–868.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Rahman ROA, Rakhimov RZ, Rakhimova NR, et al. Cementitious Materials for Nuclear Waste Immobilization. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Garcia PJV, Ferreira JM eds. Jets from Young Stars IV: From Models to Observations and Experiments. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Garber PA, Porter LM. The Ecology of Exudate Production and Exudate Feeding in Saguinus and Callimico. In: Burrows AM, Nash LT, eds. The Evolution of Exudativory in Primates. New York, NY: Springer, 2010;89–108.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Bovine Practitioner.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. Improved Lab-Grown Burger Will Be Sold On The Mainstream Market. IFLScience 2015. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/improved-lab-grown-burger-will-eventually-be-served-mainstream-market-unfinished/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Technology Assessment: Neutron Detectors: Alternatives to Using Helium-3. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McCahill TP. Teacher perceptions of response to intervention for English learners. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Wagner J. Alone Among Starters: Healthy and Dominant. New York Times. July 25, 2017:B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^3,4.
This sentence cites four references ^4,6–8.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Bovine Practitioner
ISSN (print)	0524-1685
Scope