How to format your references using the The Annals of Regional Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Annals of Regional Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kim J-V (2014) Solid-state physics: siphoning spins. Nature 511:418–419

A journal article with 2 authors

Debenedetti PG, Sarupria S (2009) Chemistry. Hydrate molecular ballet. Science 326:1070–1071

A journal article with 3 authors

Barsh GS, Farooqi IS, O’Rahilly S (2000) Genetics of body-weight regulation. Nature 404:644–651

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Knauth DC, Andersson B-G, McCandliss SR, Moos HW (2004) The interstellar N2 abundance towards HD 124314 from far-ultraviolet observations. Nature 429:636–638

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

King M (2011) Process Control. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gheorghe AV, Masera M, Weijnen M, Vries DL (eds) (2006) Critical Infrastructures at Risk: Securing the European Electric Power System. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Könings B, Schaub F, Weber M (2016) Privacy and Trust in Ambient Intelligent Environments. In: Ultes S, Nothdurft F, Heinroth T, Minker W (eds) Next Generation Intelligent Environments: Ambient Adaptive Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 133–164

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Annals of Regional Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Primed for Battle: Helping Plants Fight off Pathogens by Enhancing Their Immune Systems. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/primed-battle-helping-plants-fight-pathogens-enhancing-their-immune-systems/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1982) Labor Market Problems of Teenagers Result Largely From Doing Poorly in School. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Teague HL (2017) A Mixed Methods Study of Online Course Facilitators’ Perceptions of Mobile Technology, Design, and TPaCK Affordances. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rubin AJ (2017) Economy Idle, France Relaxes Its Labor Law. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kim 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Debenedetti and Sarupria 2009; Kim 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Debenedetti and Sarupria 2009)
Three or more authors: (Knauth et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	The Annals of Regional Science
Abbreviation	Ann. Reg. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0570-1864
ISSN (online)	1432-0592
Scope	General Environmental Science General Social Sciences