How to format your references using the The American Journal of Emergency Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hastings A. Metapopulation persistence with age-dependent disturbance or succession. Science. 2003 Sep 12;301(5639):1525–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Partridge L, Gems D. Benchmarks for ageing studies. Nature. 2007 Nov 8;450(7167):165–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Copley A, Avouac JP, Wernicke BP. Evidence for mechanical coupling and strong Indian lower crust beneath southern Tibet. Nature. 2011 Apr 7;472(7341):79–81.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Okada A, Charron F, Morin S, Shin DS, Wong K, Fabre PJ, et al. Boc is a receptor for sonic hedgehog in the guidance of commissural axons. Nature. 2006 Nov 16;444(7117):369–73.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sizer A, Balachandar C, Biswas N, Foon R, Griffiths A, Hodgett S, et al. Part 2 MRCOG: Single Best Answer Questions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Groth P, Frew J, editors. Provenance and Annotation of Data and Processes: 4th International Provenance and Annotation Workshop, IPAW 2012, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, June 19-21, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. XII, 256 p. 94 illus. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 7525).

A chapter in an edited book

Beaudin JS, Intille SS, Munguia Tapia E, Rockinson R, Morris ME. Context-Sensitive Microlearning of Foreign Language Vocabulary on a Mobile Device. In: Schiele B, Dey AK, Gellersen H, Ruyter B de, Tscheligi M, Wichert R, et al., editors. Ambient Intelligence: European Conference, AmI 2007, Darmstadt, Germany, November 7-10, 2007 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 55–72. (Hutchison D, Kanade T, Kittler J, Kleinberg JM, Mattern F, Mitchell JC, et al., editors. Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The American Journal of Emergency Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Our Obsession With Hereditary Cancers Didn’t Start When We Discovered The Breast Cancer Gene. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/our-obsession-hereditary-cancers-didn-t-start-when-we-discovered-breast-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Kachemak Bay Ferry: Federally Funded Ferry Was Constructed with Limited Oversight and Faces Future Operating Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Jun. Report No.: GAO-12-559.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Scuderi NF. Servant leadership and transformational leadership in church organizations [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. Getting Ribs Right, Slowly. New York Times. 2011 Aug 21;NJ6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
ISSN (print)	0735-6757
ISSN (online)	1532-8171
Scope