How to format your references using the TEST citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for TEST. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grünbaum D (2011) Ecology. Why did you Lévy? Science 332:1514–1515

A journal article with 2 authors

Boles LC, Lohmann KJ (2003) True navigation and magnetic maps in spiny lobsters. Nature 421:60–63

A journal article with 3 authors

Bánsági T Jr, Vanag VK, Epstein IR (2011) Tomography of reaction-diffusion microemulsions reveals three-dimensional Turing patterns. Science 331:1309–1312

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Sorefan K, Girin T, Liljegren SJ, et al (2009) A regulated auxin minimum is required for seed dispersal in Arabidopsis. Nature 459:583–586

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Homès B (2012) Fundamentals of Software Testing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Famili AF, Kok JN, Peña JM, et al (eds) (2005) Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis VI: 6th International Symposium on Intelligent Data Analysis, IDA 2005, Madrid, Spain, September 8-10, 2005. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Philippou GN, Pantziara M (2015) Developments in Mathematics Teachers’ Efficacy Beliefs. In: Pepin B, Roesken-Winter B (eds) From beliefs to dynamic affect systems in mathematics education: Exploring a mosaic of relationships and interactions. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 95–117

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for TEST.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) CERN Just Had A Particle Bonanza With Five New Discoveries. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/cern-just-had-a-particle-bonanza-with-five-new-discoveries/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) FCC: Reconsideration of the Rules and Policies for the 220-222 MHz Radio Service. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moore J (2012) Recall after conscious sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures and its effect on patient satisfaction. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Itzkoff D, Bertsche R, Spitznagel E, et al (2012) The One-Page Magazine. New York Times MM17

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Grünbaum 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Boles and Lohmann 2003; Grünbaum 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Boles and Lohmann 2003)
Three or more authors: (Sorefan et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	TEST
Abbreviation	Test (Madr.)
ISSN (print)	1133-0686
ISSN (online)	1863-8260
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Statistics and Probability