How to format your references using the TEST citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for TEST. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Andreae MO (2007) Atmosphere. Aerosols before pollution. Science 315:50–51

A journal article with 2 authors

Lord KM, Turekian VC (2007) Science and society. Time for a new era of science diplomacy. Science 315:769–770

A journal article with 3 authors

McDermott F, Mattey DP, Hawkesworth C (2001) Centennial-scale Holocene climate variability revealed by a high-resolution speleothem delta 18O record from SW Ireland. Science 294:1328–1331

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Young BP, Shin JJH, Orij R, et al (2010) Phosphatidic acid is a pH biosensor that links membrane biogenesis to metabolism. Science 329:1085–1088

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Knudsen S (2005) A Biologist’s Guide to Analysis of DNA Microarray Data. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Kupiszewski M (ed) (2013) International Migration and the Future of Populations and Labour in Europe. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Boncolan-Walsh VP, Duan J, Gao H, et al (2005) Enstrophy and Ergodicity Of Gravity Currents. In: Waymire EC, Duan J (eds) Probability and Partial Differential Equations in Modern Applied Mathematics. Springer, New York, NY, pp 61–77

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for TEST.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Century-Old Mystery of Epic Eel Migration Solved. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Hispanic Employment Statistics. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Huber JA (2012) Building an army: A corollary study of group interaction and group productivity. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2006) Justices Uphold State Rules In Decision on Dam Licenses. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Andreae 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Andreae 2007; Lord and Turekian 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lord and Turekian 2007)
Three or more authors: (Young et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	TEST
Abbreviation	Test (Madr.)
ISSN (print)	1133-0686
ISSN (online)	1863-8260
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Statistics and Probability