How to format your references using the TEST citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for TEST. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pokrovsky V (2015) Science policy. Russia targets Western ties. Science 349:224–225

A journal article with 2 authors

Gronewold AD, Stow CA (2014) Environment. Water loss from the Great Lakes. Science 343:1084–1085

A journal article with 3 authors

Adams MD, McVey M, Sekelsky JJ (2003) Drosophila BLM in double-strand break repair by synthesis-dependent strand annealing. Science 299:265–267

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Jex AR, Liu S, Li B, et al (2011) Ascaris suum draft genome. Nature 479:529–533

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grist F (2010) Basic Guide to Orthodontic Dental Nursing. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Pitt KA, Purcell JE (eds) (2009) Jellyfish Blooms: Causes, Consequences, and Recent Advances: Proceedings of the Second International Jellyfish Blooms Symposium, held at the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, 24–27 June, 2007. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Allen PM (2012) Cities: The Visible Expression of Co-evolving Complexity. In: Portugali J, Meyer H, Stolk E, Tan E (eds) Complexity Theories of Cities Have Come of Age: An Overview with Implications to Urban Planning and Design. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 67–89

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for TEST.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) The Eye Is Our Window To The Brain – And There’s A Lot We Can Tell From It. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/eye-our-window-brain-and-there-s-lot-we-can-tell-it/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Bank Regulators’ Evaluation of Electronic Signature Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Glover D (2010) Reconciling the doctrine of original sin with principles of moral responsibility. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2002) From a Crate of Potatoes, a Noteworthy Gift Emerges. New York Times E2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pokrovsky 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Gronewold and Stow 2014; Pokrovsky 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gronewold and Stow 2014)
Three or more authors: (Jex et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	TEST
Abbreviation	Test (Madr.)
ISSN (print)	1133-0686
ISSN (online)	1863-8260
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Statistics and Probability