How to format your references using the Technology, Pedagogy and Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Technology, Pedagogy and Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nichols, D. (2011). Legal highs: the dark side of medicinal chemistry. Nature, 469(7328), 7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Aychek, T., & Jung, S. (2014). Immunology. The axis of tolerance. Science (New York, N.Y.), 343(6178), 1439–1440.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hayashi, K., de Sousa Lopes, S. M. C., & Surani, M. A. (2007). Germ cell specification in mice. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5823), 394–396.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Ahn, D.-G., Kourakis, M. J., Rohde, L. A., Silver, L. M., & Ho, R. K. (2002). T-box gene tbx5 is essential for formation of the pectoral limb bud. Nature, 417(6890), 754–758.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pardoe, I. (2006). Applied Regression Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Roth, J. A. (Ed.). (2010). Gene-Based Therapies for Cancer. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Calvo-Zaragoza, J., de la Higuera, C., & Oncina, J. (2016). Computing the Expected Edit Distance from a String to a PFA. In Y.-S. Han & K. Salomaa (Eds.), Implementation and Application of Automata: 21st International Conference, CIAA 2016, Seoul, South Korea, July 19-22, 2016, Proceedings (pp. 39–50). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Technology, Pedagogy and Education.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016, December 5). This Is Why You Should Never Wash Your Contact Lenses With Tap Water. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/this-is-why-you-should-never-wash-your-contact-lenses-with-tap-water/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2016). Telecommunications: Additional Coordination and Performance Measurement Needed for High-Speed Internet Access Programs on Tribal Lands (GAO-16-222). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen, D. (2009). Deus-ex-machina: A modern skeptic’s relentless scrutiny of the production of ethics in post-colonial literature and postcolonialism [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pastan, L. (2015, October 9). The Bridge. New York Times, MM28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nichols, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Aychek & Jung, 2014; Nichols, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Aychek & Jung, 2014)
Three authors: (Hayashi et al., 2007)
6 or more authors: (Ahn et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Technology, Pedagogy and Education
Abbreviation	Technol. Pedagog. Educ.
ISSN (print)	1475-939X
ISSN (online)	1747-5139
Scope	Computer Science Applications Information Systems Education Communication