How to format your references using the Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Baughman RH. MATERIALS SCIENCE: Putting a New Spin on Carbon Nanotubes. Science 2000;290:1310–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Barnes W, Sambles R. Physics. Only skin deep. Science 2004;305:785–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Maertens GN, Hare S, Cherepanov P. The mechanism of retroviral integration from X-ray structures of its key intermediates. Nature 2010;468:326–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chen LY, Parizi KB, Kosuge H, Milaninia KM, McConnell MV, Wong H-SP, et al. Mass fabrication and delivery of 3D multilayer μTags into living cells. Sci Rep 2013;3:2295.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Stokes DJ. Principles and Practice of Variable Pressure/Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (VP-ESEM). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Fels E, Kremer J-F, Kronenberg K, editors. Power in the 21st Century: International Security and International Political Economy in a Changing World. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Voyiadjis GZ, Woelke P. Geometrically Non-linear Finite Element Analysis of Thick Plates and Shells. In: Woelke P, editor. Elasto-Plastic and Damage Analysis of Plates and Shells, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008, p. 77–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Blog post

[1]

Davis J. Our Ancestors Probably Got Less Sleep Than We Do. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/our-ancestors-probably-got-less-sleep-we-do/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. The Army’s Risk Assessment of Chemical Munitions Transportation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Brenner DS. The Phonetics of Mandarin Tones in Conversation. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Billard M. And They’ll All Go Looking Good. New York Times 2010:E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Abbreviation	Tech. Gastrointest. Endosc.
ISSN (print)	1096-2883
Scope	Gastroenterology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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