How to format your references using the Surgical Infections citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Surgical Infections (SUR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cresswell P. Cell biology. Cutting and pasting antigenic peptides. Science 2004;304(5670):525–527.

A journal article with 2 authors

Towbin JA, Bowles NE. The failing heart. Nature 2002;415(6868):227–233.

A journal article with 3 authors

Falkowski PG, Fenchel T, Delong EF. The microbial engines that drive Earth’s biogeochemical cycles. Science 2008;320(5879):1034–1039.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Chan HB, Aksyuk VA, Kleiman RN, et al. Quantum mechanical actuation of microelectromechanical systems by the Casimir force. Science 2001;291(5510):1941–1944.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Richards T. Investing Psychology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ; 2014.

An edited book

Djokić S, (ed). Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Electrochemistry. Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry. Springer International Publishing: Cham; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhang K, Wu S. Report on the Innovative Development of China’s Special Economic Zones. In: Annual Report on the Development of China’s Special Economic Zones (2016): Blue Book of China’s Special Economic Zones. (Tao Y, Yuan Y. eds). Current Chinese Economic Report Series Springer: Singapore; 2016; pp. 83–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Surgical Infections.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Peer-Reviewed Paper On EmDrive To Be Published In December. IFLScience; 2016. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/rumored-emdrive-paper-suggests-the-controversial-thruster-actually-works/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. ADP Equipment: FAA’s Use of a Suspended Contractor. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cornelius DA. The Value of Scrum to Organizations: A Case Study. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix: Phoenix, AZ; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Swanson A. Internal Discord Hinders Trump’s Trade Agenda. New York Times 2017;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Surgical Infections
ISSN (print)	1096-2964
ISSN (online)	1557-8674
Scope