How to format your references using the Surfaces and Interfaces citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Surfaces and Interfaces. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C. Smith, Genomics: SNPs and human disease, Nature 435 (2005) 993.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

F. Warneken, M. Tomasello, Altruistic helping in human infants and young chimpanzees, Science 311 (2006) 1301–1303.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Y. Shen, R. Buick, D.E. Canfield, Isotopic evidence for microbial sulphate reduction in the early Archaean era, Nature 410 (2001) 77–81.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Stanley, L. Elkins-Tanton, M.T. Zuber, E.M. Parmentier, Mars’ paleomagnetic field as the result of a single-hemisphere dynamo, Science 321 (2008) 1822–1825.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.K. Bhattacharyya, Phased Array Antennas, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

M. D’Amato, J.D. Rioux, eds., Molecular Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Springer, New York, NY, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M. Chesney, J. Gheyssens, L. Taschini, The Economics of Mitigation Strategies, in: J. Gheyssens, L. Taschini (Eds.), Environmental Finance and Investments, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 59–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Surfaces and Interfaces.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, What Makes Our Brains Unique?, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Financial Literacy and Education Commission: Progress Made in Fostering Partnerships, but National Strategy Remains Largely Descriptive Rather Than Strategic, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C.C. Crane, A Qualitative Study on the Preferred Working Environment of Southern California Secondary Teachers with Experience in Both a District Traditional School and a District Charter School, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Mueller, A.L. Baker, Police Officer Is ‘Murdered for Her Uniform’ at Post in the Bronx, New York Times (2017) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Surfaces and Interfaces
Abbreviation	Surf. Interfaces
ISSN (print)	2468-0230
Scope	Surfaces, Coatings and Films