How to format your references using the Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cannon B (2013) Sensation and loss. Nature 503:S2-3

A journal article with 2 authors

Denicourt C, Dowdy SF (2004) Medicine. Targeting apoptotic pathways in cancer cells. Science 305:1411–1413

A journal article with 3 authors

Pozzi F, Di Matteo T, Aste T (2013) Spread of risk across financial markets: better to invest in the peripheries. Sci Rep 3:1665

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Qiu X, Deorani P, Narayanapillai K, et al (2014) Angular and temperature dependence of current induced spin-orbit effective fields in Ta/CoFeB/MgO nanowires. Sci Rep 4:4491

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hasslacher C, Böhm S (2005) Diabetes and the Kidney. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Crowe AR, Cuenca A (eds) (2016) Rethinking Social Studies Teacher Education in the Twenty-First Century, 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Gregory MA, Glance D (2013) Internet. In: Glance D (ed) Security and the Networked Society. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 97–159

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment.

Blog post

Andrew D (2017) Scientists May Have Proven Women Are Better at Multitasking than Men. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-may-have-proven-women-are-better-at-multitasking-than-men/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) Medicare: Callers Can Access 1-800-MEDICARE Services, but Responsibility within CMS for Limited English Proficiency Plan Unclear. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Correa L (2015) Urban-rural differences in overweight and obese status among adolescents. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM (2017) Is It Wrong to Body Slam a Journalist? These Days, Opinions Vary. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cannon 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Denicourt and Dowdy 2004; Cannon 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Denicourt and Dowdy 2004)
Three or more authors: (Qiu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment
Abbreviation	Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess.
ISSN (print)	1436-3240
ISSN (online)	1436-3259
Scope	Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality General Environmental Science Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology