How to format your references using the Speech Communication citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Speech Communication. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Egolf, D.A., 2002. Statistical mechanics. Far from equilibrium. Science 296, 1813–1815.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mannhart, J., Schlom, D.G., 2010. Oxide interfaces--an opportunity for electronics. Science 327, 1607–1611.

A journal article with 3 authors

Olsen, A., Vantipalli, M.C., Lithgow, G.J., 2006. Checkpoint proteins control survival of the postmitotic cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Science 312, 1381–1385.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Marshall, N.M., Garner, D.K., Wilson, T.D., Gao, Y.-G., Robinson, H., Nilges, M.J., Lu, Y., 2009. Rationally tuning the reduction potential of a single cupredoxin beyond the natural range. Nature 462, 113–116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Goodman, A.H., 2012. Rehabilitating and Resettling Offenders in the Community. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Turányi, T., 2014. Analysis of Kinetic Reaction Mechanisms. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Sowa, S., Tsinas, L., Gabriel, R., 2009. BORIS –Business ORiented management of Information Security, in: Johnson, M.E. (Ed.), Managing Information Risk and the Economics of Security. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 81–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Speech Communication.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Why Human Head Transplants Are Still A Long Way From Becoming A Reality [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2011. Opportunities to Reduce Potential Duplication in Federal Teacher Quality Programs (No. GAO-11-510T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alai, N.L., 2017. Development of a Sport-Specific Curriculum Addressing Selfefficacy to Optimize Carbohydrate and Calorie Intake Among Male and Female High School Cross-Country Runners (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B., 2017. A ‘Hamlet’ Poised Between Two Worlds. New York Times C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Egolf, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Egolf, 2002; Mannhart and Schlom, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mannhart and Schlom, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Marshall et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Speech Communication
Abbreviation	Speech Commun.
ISSN (print)	0167-6393
Scope	Language and Linguistics Computer Science Applications Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software Modelling and Simulation Linguistics and Language Communication