How to format your references using the South African Journal of Geology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for South African Journal of Geology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Südhof, T.C. 2015. Reproducibility: Experimental mismatch in neural circuits. Nature, 528, 338–339.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kaufman, Y.J. and Koren, I. 2006. Smoke and pollution aerosol effect on cloud cover. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313, 655–658.

A journal article with 3 authors

Butler, M.A., Sawyer, S.A. and Losos, J.B. 2007. Sexual dimorphism and adaptive radiation in Anolis lizards. Nature, 447, 202–205.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Novoselov, K.S., Geim, A.K., Dubonos, S.V., Hill, E.W. and Grigorieva, I.V. 2003. Subatomic movements of a domain wall in the Peierls potential. Nature, 426, 812–816.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

El-Reedy, M.A. 2016. Project Management in the Oil and Gas Industry. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Greschke, H. and Tischler, J. (eds.) 2015. Grounding Global Climate Change: Contributions from the Social and Cultural Sciences. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, X, 181 p. 8 illus., 7 illus. in colorpp.

A chapter in an edited book

Hannah, K.J., Ball, M.J. and Edwards, M.J.A. 2006. Telecommunications and Informatics. In: M.J. Ball and M.J.A. Edwards (Editors) Introduction to Nursing Informatics. Health Informatics. New York, NY, Springer, 41–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for South African Journal of Geology.

Blog post

Luntz, S. 2015.Teenager On Work Experience Discovers An Exoplanet. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/space/teenager-work-experience-discovers-exoplanet/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1990. Space Operations: NASA Is Not Archiving All Potentially Valuable Data. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sokoya, K. 2014. A Historical Analysis of the Contributions of the Black Power Movement to Higher Education: 1960 – 1980. Doctoral dissertation Thesis. Washington, DC, George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. 2013. Once Known For Hunting, Now for Humor. New York Times, B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Südhof, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Kaufman and Koren, 2006; Südhof, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kaufman and Koren, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Novoselov et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	South African Journal of Geology
Abbreviation	South Afr. J. Geol.
ISSN (print)	1012-0750
ISSN (online)	1996-8590
Scope	Geology