How to format your references using the South African Journal of Animal Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for South African Journal of Animal Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Robinson, P. J. 2007. Neuroscience. How to fill a synapse. Science 316, 551–553.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang, M., & Barash, S. 2000. Neuronal switching of sensorimotor transformations for antisaccades. Nature 408, 971–975.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gans, J., Wolinsky, M., & Dunbar, J. 2005. Computational improvements reveal great bacterial diversity and high metal toxicity in soil. Science 309, 1387–1390.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Krause, S., Berbil-Bautista, L., Herzog, G., Bode, M., & Wiesendanger, R. 2007. Current-induced magnetization switching with a spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope. Science 317, 1537–1540.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Carter, M., & Bentley, S. P. 2016. Soil Properties and their Correlations. John Wiley &;#38; Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Wang, W., Li, Y., Duan, Z., Yan, L., Li, H., & Yang, X. (Eds). 2007. Integration and Innovation Orient to E-Society Volume 1: Seventh IFIP International Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society (I3E2007), October 10–12, Wuhan, China. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Crétaux, J.-F., Abarca-del-Río, R., Bergé-Nguyen, M., Arsen, A., Drolon, V., Clos, G., & Maisongrande, P. 2016. Lake Volume Monitoring from Space.Pages 79–115 in Remote Sensing and Water Resources. Cazenave, A., Champollion, N., Benveniste, J., Chen, J., eds. Space Sciences Series of ISSI. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for South African Journal of Animal Science.

Blog post

Andrews, R. 2015. Humans Have More ‘Plastic,’ Adaptable Brains Than Chimpanzees. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1988. Competition in the Airline Computerized Reservation System Industry. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Albrinck, B. M. 2010. An Exploratory Study of Urban Transportation and Air Quality Issues Using CO as an Indicator.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodgman, J. 2016. Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times, MM26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Robinson, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Zhang & Barash, 2000; Robinson, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhang & Barash, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Krause et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	South African Journal of Animal Science
Abbreviation	S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0375-1589
ISSN (online)	2221-4062
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology