How to format your references using the Small-scale Forestry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Small-scale Forestry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hentze MW (2001) Protein synthesis. Believe it or not-translation in the nucleus. Science 293:1058–1059

A journal article with 2 authors

Groisman A, Steinberg V (2001) Efficient mixing at low Reynolds numbers using polymer additives. Nature 410:905–908

A journal article with 3 authors

Leitch DB, Sarko DK, Catania KC (2014) Brain mass and cranial nerve size in shrews and moles. Sci Rep 4:6241

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Long Z, Zhou Y, Chen G, et al (2014) C3N4-H5PMo10V2O40: a dual-catalysis system for reductant-free aerobic oxidation of benzene to phenol. Sci Rep 4:3651

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Donald IW (2010) Waste Immobilization in Glass and Ceramic Based Hosts. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Roberts AR (2012) Gli interventi sulla crisi: Una guida pratica. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Richthammer H, Reif S (2016) Intrusion Detection in the Smart Grid Based on an Analogue Technique. In: Camenisch J, Kesdoğan D (eds) Open Problems in Network Security: IFIP WG 11.4 International Workshop, iNetSec 2015, Zurich, Switzerland, October 29, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 56–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Small-scale Forestry.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Magnetic Cues Help Sea Turtles Find Their Home Beach. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/magnetic-cues-help-sea-turtles-find-their-home-beach/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) DFAS Telecommunications: DFAS Has the Opportunity To Reduce Its Telecommunication Line Capacity. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Corona B (2012) Laws governing the treatment, involuntary detention and community integration of individuals with developmental disabilities: A policy analysis. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2017) When the Gay Best Friend Is the Odd Man Out. New York Times C3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hentze 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Groisman and Steinberg 2001; Hentze 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Groisman and Steinberg 2001)
Three or more authors: (Long et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Small-scale Forestry
Abbreviation	Small Scale Forest.
ISSN (print)	1873-7617
ISSN (online)	1873-7854
Scope	Forestry