How to format your references using the Silicon citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Silicon. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bader J (2014) Climate science: The origin of regional Arctic warming. Nature 509:167–168

A journal article with 2 authors

Teruel MN, Meyer T (2002) Parallel single-cell monitoring of receptor-triggered membrane translocation of a calcium-sensing protein module. Science 295:1910–1912

A journal article with 3 authors

Lynch M, Koskella B, Schaack S (2006) Mutation pressure and the evolution of organelle genomic architecture. Science 311:1727–1730

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Coburn PS, Pillar CM, Jett BD, et al (2004) Enterococcus faecalis senses target cells and in response expresses cytolysin. Science 306:2270–2272

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitale J (2007) The Seven Lost Secrets of Success. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Li S, Saddik AE, Wang M, et al (2013) Advances in Multimedia Modeling: 19th International Conference, MMM 2013, Huangshan, China, January 7-9, 2013, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Gladyshev P, Almansoori A (2011) Reliable Acquisition of RAM Dumps from Intel-Based Apple Mac Computers over FireWire. In: Baggili I (ed) Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime: Second International ICST Conference, ICDF2C 2010, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, October 4-6, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 55–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Silicon.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) Mother Rat Kicks A Snake’s Ass For Stealing Its Baby. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/mother-rat-kicks-snakes-ass-stealing-baby/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1991) Commercial Use of Space: Many Grantees Making Progress, but NASA Oversight Could Be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clater MJ (2009) Interposed between God and man: Agency in the Requiems of Berlioz and Fauré. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK (2004) World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Rail Link To Georgian Region Is Shut. New York Times A11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Silicon
Abbreviation	Silicon
ISSN (print)	1876-990X
ISSN (online)	1876-9918
Scope	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials