How to format your references using the Silicon citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Silicon. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bohannon J (2007) Happy 300th Birthday, Linnaeus. Science 318:752

A journal article with 2 authors

Léopold P, Layalle S (2006) Development biology. Linking nutrition and tissue growth. Science 312:1317–1318

A journal article with 3 authors

West-Eberhard MJ, Smith JAC, Winter K (2011) Plant science. Photosynthesis, reorganized. Science 332:311–312

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Choi JS, Kim J-S, Byun I-S, et al (2011) Friction anisotropy-driven domain imaging on exfoliated monolayer graphene. Science 333:607–610

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stone R, Gutiérrez-Albilla JD (2013) A Companion to Luis Buñuel. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Demazeau Y, Dignum F, Corchado JM, Pérez JB (2010) Advances in Practical Applications of Agents and Multiagent Systems: 8th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multiagent Systems (PAAMS 2010). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Saito S, Nakajiama M, Shima T (2012) Optimal Differential Filter on Hexagonal Lattice. In: Ogiela MR, Jain LC (eds) Computational Intelligence Paradigms in Advanced Pattern Classification. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 59–87

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Silicon.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Vitamin Supplement Prevents Noise-Induced Hearing Loss In Mice. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Slotting Fees: Effort to Study the Use of These Payments in the Grocery Industry. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Anderson A (2010) Scribblins. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2017) Land Mines in the Battlefields of Home and Office. New York Times C2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Silicon
Abbreviation	Silicon
ISSN (print)	1876-990X
ISSN (online)	1876-9918
Scope	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials