How to format your references using the Shock Waves citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Shock Waves. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Laming, J.M.: Astrophysics: Lopsided stellar death. Nature. 506, 298–299 (2014)

A journal article with 2 authors

Xu, X., Norell, M.A.: A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian-like sleeping posture. Nature. 431, 838–841 (2004)

A journal article with 3 authors

Chouard, T., Weiss, U., Dhand, R.: Good “omics” for the poor? Nature. 419, 489 (2002)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ingraham, J.M., Deng, Z.D., Martinez, J.J., Trumbo, B.A., Mueller, R.P., Weiland, M.A.: Feasibility of tracking fish with acoustic transmitters in the Ice Harbor Dam tailrace. Sci. Rep. 4, 4090 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

May, V., Kühn, O.: Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Molecular Systems. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, Germany (2007)

An edited book

Moritz, E.F., Haake, S. eds: The Engineering of Sport 6: Volume 3: Developments for Innovation. Springer, New York, NY (2006)

A chapter in an edited book

Lee, R., Wolpert, D.H., Bono, J., Backhaus, S., Bent, R., Tracey, B.: Counter-Factual Reinforcement Learning: How to Model Decision-Makers That Anticipate the Future. In: Guy, T.V., Karny, M., and Wolpert, D. (eds.) Decision Making and Imperfection. pp. 101–128. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Shock Waves.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Baby Beluga Whale Born At Georgia Aquarium Has Died, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/baby-beluga-whale-born-georgia-aquarium-has-died/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Information Technology: Federal Agencies Need to Strengthen Investment Board Oversight of Poorly Planned and Performing Projects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2009)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Horvath, C.P.: Comparison of waste heat driven and electrically driven cooling systems for a high ambient temperature, off-grid application, (2012)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B.: Some Friends Just Aren’t Huggers, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Shock Waves
Abbreviation	Shock Waves
ISSN (print)	0938-1287
ISSN (online)	1432-2153
Scope	Mechanical Engineering General Physics and Astronomy