How to format your references using the Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Mervis J. NSF IN FLUX: NSF Searches for Right Way to Help Women. Science 2000;289:379–81.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Hopkins R, Rausher MD. Identification of two genes causing reinforcement in the Texas wildflower Phlox drummondii. Nature 2011;469:411–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Schoemaker HE, Mink D, Wubbolts MG. Dispelling the myths--biocatalysis in industrial synthesis. Science 2003;299:1694–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Karpova NN, Pickenhagen A, Lindholm J, Tiraboschi E, Kulesskaya N, Agústsdóttir A, et al. Fear erasure in mice requires synergy between antidepressant drugs and extinction training. Science 2011;334:1731–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Rangarao KV, Mallik RK. Digital Signal Processing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Cazzulino D. Beginning Visual Web Programming in VB .NET: From Novice to Professional. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Stathi S, Roscini C. Identity and Acculturation Processes in Multicultural Societies. In: McKeown S, Haji R, Ferguson N, editors. Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory: Contemporary Global Perspectives, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 55–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. If You HATE It When People Chew Loudly, We Have Good News For You. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Airport Improvement Program: Program Funding by State Relative to Enplanements for Selected Years. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nash MC. Reading Achievement: A Study of Perceptions of First-Grade Teachers and the Relationship Between Attendance and Reading Achievement. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Alcindor Y. Trump Rallies White Crowd in Wisconsin for the Police. New York Times 2016:A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
Abbreviation	Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med.
ISSN (print)	1744-165X
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health