How to format your references using the Security Informatics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Security Informatics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Piperno DR (2001) Archaeology. On maize and the sunflower. Science 292:2260–2261

A journal article with 2 authors

Mel’nikov AS, Vinokur VM (2002) Mesoscopic superconductor as a ballistic quantum switch. Nature 415:60–62

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhao M, Kong L, Qu H (2014) A systems biology approach to identify intelligence quotient score-related genomic regions, and pathways relevant to potential therapeutic treatments. Sci Rep 4:4176

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Seemann J, Pypaert M, Taguchi T, et al (2002) Partitioning of the matrix fraction of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis in animal cells. Science 295:848–851

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stenzel J (2010) CIO Best Practices. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Lee R (2016) Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Phan RC-W, Whitley JN, Parish DJ (2011) Adversarial Security: Getting to the Root of the Problem. In: Camenisch J, Kisimov V, Dubovitskaya M (eds) Open Research Problems in Network Security: IFIP WG 11.4 International Workshop, iNetSec 2010, Sofia, Bulgaria, March 5-6, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 47–55

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Security Informatics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Factory Made Blood Nearing Human Trials. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/factory-made-blood-nearing-human-trials/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1975) Opportunities for Improving Computerized Civilian Payroll Processing Operations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shabalin AA (2010) Detection of low rank signals in noise and fast correlation mining with applications to large biological data. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feinblatt J (2017) Ban the Open Carry of Firearms. New York Times A25

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Security Informatics
Abbreviation	Secur. Inform.
ISSN (online)	2190-8532
Scope