How to format your references using the Scientometrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scientometrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chapman, T. (2004). Drug discovery: the leading edge. Nature, 430(6995), 109–115.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pertsinidis, A., & Ling, X. S. (2001). Diffusion of point defects in two-dimensional colloidal crystals. Nature, 413(6852), 147–150.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bose, H. S., Lingappa, V. R., & Miller, W. L. (2002). Rapid regulation of steroidogenesis by mitochondrial protein import. Nature, 417(6884), 87–91.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Bahr, C., von Paleske, L., Uslu, V. V., Remeseiro, S., Takayama, N., Ng, S. W., et al. (2018). Author Correction: A Myc enhancer cluster regulates normal and leukaemic haematopoietic stem cell hierarchies. Nature, 558(7711), E4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pai MD FACC FRCP Edin, R. G., & Varadarajan MD FACC, P. (2014). Echocardiography Board Review. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Dick, A. J. (2016). Prison Vocational Education and Policy in the United States: A Critical Perspective on Evidence-Based Reform. (W. Rich & T. Waters, Eds.). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US.

A chapter in an edited book

Sankowski, P. (2015). Online Bipartite Matching in Offline Time (Abstract). In G. F. Italiano, T. Margaria-Steffen, J. Pokorný, J.-J. Quisquater, & R. Wattenhofer (Eds.), SOFSEM 2015: Theory and Practice of Computer Science: 41st International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, Pec pod Sněžkou, Czech Republic, January 24-29, 2015. Proceedings (pp. 45–45). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scientometrics.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2016, June 4). Stars With Planets On Strange Orbits: What’s Going On? IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/stars-planets-strange-orbits-what-s-going/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1974). CH-53E Helicopter (No. 093062). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hoang, T. T. (2017). Acoustic and Image Vehicle Classification System (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt), S. K. (2001, November 24). World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Agreement On Moldova Rebels. New York Times, p. A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chapman 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Chapman 2004; Pertsinidis and Ling 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pertsinidis and Ling 2001)
Three or more authors: (Bahr et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scientometrics
Abbreviation	Scientometrics
ISSN (print)	0138-9130
ISSN (online)	1588-2861
Scope	Computer Science Applications General Social Sciences Library and Information Sciences