How to format your references using the Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spurgeon D. Drawing back the talent: Canada. Nature. 2002 Feb 14;415(6873):4–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wuchty S, Uetz P. Protein-protein Interaction Networks of E. coli and S. cerevisiae are similar. Sci. Rep. 2014 Nov 28;4:7187.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lavender KL, Davis RE, Owens WB. Mid-depth recirculation observed in the interior Labrador and Irminger seas by direct velocity measurements. Nature. 2000 Sep 7;407(6800):66–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Mehdiabadi NJ, Jack CN, Farnham TT, Platt TG, Kalla SE, Shaulsky G, et al. Social evolution: kin preference in a social microbe. Nature. 2006 Aug 24;442(7105):881–2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Adamowicz Z, Zbierski P. Logic of Mathematics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1997.

An edited book

Dovey J. Beginning Objective-C. Furrow A, editor. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Delgado JMPQ, Barreira E, Ramos NMM, de Freitas VP. Conclusions and Perspectives. In: Barreira E, Ramos NMM, Freitas VP de, editors. Hygrothermal Numerical Simulation Tools Applied to Building Physics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 65–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices.

Blog post

Andrew E. ‘No Jab, No Pay’ Policy Has A Serious Ethical Sting [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/no-jab-no-pay-policy-has-serious-ethical-sting/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. U.S.-Korea Fighter Coproduction Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Apr. Report No.: T-NSIAD-90-29.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tanag HB. Building bridges of hope after loss: A self-directed workbook for foster parents [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz J. Feeling Cornered, Coal Industry Borrows From Big Tobacco’s Playbook, Activists Say. New York Times. 2016 Aug 17;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Spurgeon 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Spurgeon 2002; Wuchty and Uetz 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wuchty and Uetz 2014)
Three or more authors: (Mehdiabadi et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices
Abbreviation	Sci. Phone Apps Mob. Devices
ISSN (online)	2364-4958
Scope