How to format your references using the Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sydnes LK. Policy: Update the Chemical Weapons Convention. Nature. 2013 Apr 4;496(7443):25–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Davidson EA, Janssens IA. Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change. Nature. 2006 Mar 9;440(7081):165–73.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chou SY, Keimel C, Gu J. Ultrafast and direct imprint of nanostructures in silicon. Nature. 2002 Jun 20;417(6891):835–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Episkopou V, Arkell R, Timmons PM, Walsh JJ, Andrew RL, Swan D. Induction of the mammalian node requires Arkadia function in the extraembryonic lineages. Nature. 2001 Apr 12;410(6830):825–30.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Le Ruyet D, Pischella M. Digital Communications 1. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015.

An edited book

Bahrami H. Super-Flexibility for Knowledge Enterprises. Evans S, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Geetika Vyas, Amita Sharma. Examining Usability of Classes in Collaboration with SPL Feature Model. In: Satapathy SC, Bhatt YC, Joshi A, Mishra DK, editors. Proceedings of the International Congress on Information and Communication Technology: ICICT 2015, Volume 1. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 31–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices.

Blog post

Andrew E. What Does Exposure To Environmental Chemicals Mean For Our Health? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-does-exposure-environmental-chemicals-mean-our-health/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Freight Railroads: Updated Information on Rates and Competition Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Sep. Report No.: GAO-07-1245T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Prasad AB. Analyzing comparative sequence data to understand genome function and evolution [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S. Game and the Season End In Frustration for the Power. New York Times. 2002 Aug 11;85.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sydnes 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Davidson and Janssens 2006; Sydnes 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Davidson and Janssens 2006)
Three or more authors: (Episkopou et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices
Abbreviation	Sci. Phone Apps Mob. Devices
ISSN (online)	2364-4958
Scope