How to format your references using the Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brouns, S. J. J. (2012). Molecular biology. A Swiss army knife of immunity. Science (New York, N.Y.), 337(6096), 808–809.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kelley, N. P., & Pyenson, N. D. (2015). Vertebrate evolution. Evolutionary innovation and ecology in marine tetrapods from the Triassic to the Anthropocene. Science (New York, N.Y.), 348(6232), aaa3716.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bose, H. S., Lingappa, V. R., & Miller, W. L. (2002). Rapid regulation of steroidogenesis by mitochondrial protein import. Nature, 417(6884), 87–91.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hara, M. R., Kovacs, J. J., Whalen, E. J., Rajagopal, S., Strachan, R. T., Grant, W., Towers, A. J., Williams, B., Lam, C. M., Xiao, K., Shenoy, S. K., Gregory, S. G., Ahn, S., Duckett, D. R., & Lefkowitz, R. J. (2011). A stress response pathway regulates DNA damage through β2-adrenoreceptors and β-arrestin-1. Nature, 477(7364), 349–353.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhurin, V. V. (2011). Industrial Ion Sources. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Jambor, A. (2016). Competitiveness of Global Agriculture: Policy Lessons for Food Security (S. Babu, Ed.). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Knopp, T., & Buzug, T. M. (2012). From Data to Images: Reconstruction. In T. M. Buzug (Ed.), Magnetic Particle Imaging: An Introduction to Imaging Principles and Scanner Instrumentation (pp. 127–148). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, January 18). World First - Baby Polar Bears Caught On Camera Opening Their Eyes For The First Time. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/world-first-baby-polar-bears-caught-camera-opening-their-eyes-first-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1982). Prisoners Receiving Social Security and Other Federal Retirement, Disability, and Education Benefits (HRD-82-43). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cox, D. C. (2008). A measurement of the neutral current neutrino-nucleon elastic cross section at MiniBooNE [Doctoral dissertation]. Indiana University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2010, July 29). Saves Those Stripes, Grab Some Scarves. New York Times, E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Brouns, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Brouns, 2012; Kelley & Pyenson, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kelley & Pyenson, 2015)
Three authors: (Bose et al., 2002)
6 or more authors: (Hara et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research
Abbreviation	Scand. J. Educ. Res.
ISSN (print)	0031-3831
ISSN (online)	1470-1170
Scope	Education