How to format your references using the Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. (2003). Risky business. Nature, 425(6961), 987.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang, H.-L., & Lai, T. W. (2014). Optimization of Evans blue quantitation in limited rat tissue samples. Scientific Reports, 4, 6588.

A journal article with 3 authors

Linnartz, H., Verdes, D., & Maier, J. P. (2002). Rotationally resolved infrared spectrum of the charge transfer complex [Ar-N2]+. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5584), 1166–1167.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Struck, T. H., Paul, C., Hill, N., Hartmann, S., Hösel, C., Kube, M., Lieb, B., Meyer, A., Tiedemann, R., Purschke, G., & Bleidorn, C. (2011). Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution. Nature, 471(7336), 95–98.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thie, P. R., & Keough, G. E. (2008). An Introduction to Linear Programming and Game Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Zanjirani Farahani, R., & Hekmatfar, M. (Eds.). (2009). Facility Location: Concepts, Models, Algorithms and Case Studies. Physica-Verlag HD.

A chapter in an edited book

Weiss, G., Pomberger, G., Beer, W., Buchgeher, G., Dorninger, B., Pichler, J., Prähofer, H., Ramler, R., Stallinger, F., & Weinreich, R. (2009). Software Engineering – Processes and Tools. In B. Buchberger, M. Affenzeller, A. Ferscha, M. Haller, T. Jebelean, E. P. Klement, P. Paule, G. Pomberger, W. Schreiner, R. Stubenrauch, R. Wagner, G. Weiß, & W. Windsteiger (Eds.), Hagenberg Research (pp. 157–235). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, August 29). World’s Most Powerful Deep Space Rocket Set To Launch In 2018. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2000). Information Technology Investment Management: An Overview of GAO’s Assessment Framework (Exposure Draft) (AIMD-00-155). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brasseaux, S. (2015). The Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet and Land Changes in Louisiana Deltaic Plain, Saint Bernard Parish, Louisiana [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2010, September 23). Like Shopbop, Only It’s in 3-D. New York Times, E9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik, 2003; Wang & Lai, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wang & Lai, 2014)
Three authors: (Linnartz et al., 2002)
6 or more authors: (Struck et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research
Abbreviation	Scand. J. Educ. Res.
ISSN (print)	0031-3831
ISSN (online)	1470-1170
Scope	Education