How to format your references using the Sadhana citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sadhana. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kiick, Kristi L. 2007. Materials science. Polymer therapeutics. Science (New York, N.Y.) 317: 1182–1183.

A journal article with 2 authors

Waltz, David, and Bruce G. Buchanan. 2009. Computer science. Automating science. Science (New York, N.Y.) 324: 43–44.

A journal article with 3 authors

Alboussière, Thierry, Renaud Deguen, and Mickaël Melzani. 2010. Melting-induced stratification above the Earth’s inner core due to convective translation. Nature 466: 744–747.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Nettles, James H., Huilin Li, Ben Cornett, Joseph M. Krahn, James P. Snyder, and Kenneth H. Downing. 2004. The binding mode of epothilone A on alpha,beta-tubulin by electron crystallography. Science (New York, N.Y.) 305: 866–869.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. 2008. Inherently Safer Chemical Processes. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Chu, Junhao. 2008. Physics and Properties of Narrow Gap Semiconductors. Edited by Arden Sher. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Baudrier, Étienne, and Loïc Mazo. 2016. Curve Digitization Variability. In Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery: 19th IAPR International Conference, DGCI 2016, Nantes, France, April 18-20, 2016. Proceedings, ed. Nicolas Normand, Jeanpierre Guédon, and Florent Autrusseau, 59–70. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sadhana.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2014. Planet Spotted Forming In Binary System. IFLScience. IFLScience. October 30.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1981. Review of Department of Education FY 1980 Interagency Fund Transfer Agreements. AFMD-82-19. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wirtz, Yannick. 2017. Strain Variation between the Monterey and Sisquoc Formations, Southern Santa Maria Basin, California, USA: Implications for Structural Assessment of Fold and Thrust Belts. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, Ben. 2016. Review: A Crooked Cop Is Caught Between 2 Brutal Masters in ‘Asura: The City of Madness.’ New York Times, October 14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kiick 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Kiick 2007; Waltz and Buchanan 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Waltz and Buchanan 2009)
Three or more authors: (Nettles et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sadhana
ISSN (print)	0256-2499
ISSN (online)	0973-7677
Scope