How to format your references using the Review of African Political Economy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Review of African Political Economy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moro-Martin, Amaya. 2014. “A Call to Those Who Care about Europe’s Science.” Nature 514 (7521): 141.

A journal article with 2 authors

Halloran, M. Elizabeth, and Ira M. Longini Jr. 2014. “Emerging, Evolving, and Established Infectious Diseases and Interventions.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 345 (6202): 1292–1294.

A journal article with 3 authors

Acar, Murat, Attila Becskei, and Alexander van Oudenaarden. 2005. “Enhancement of Cellular Memory by Reducing Stochastic Transitions.” Nature 435 (7039): 228–232.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Reiter, Johannes G., Alvin P. Makohon-Moore, Jeffrey M. Gerold, Alexander Heyde, Marc A. Attiyeh, Zachary A. Kohutek, Collin J. Tokheim, et al. 2018. “Minimal Functional Driver Gene Heterogeneity among Untreated Metastases.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 361 (6406): 1033–1037.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwarz, Daniel R. 2014. Reading the European Novel to 1900. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

de Leon, Jose, ed. 2012. A Practitioner’s Guide to Prescribing Antiepileptics and Mood Stabilizers for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Negre, Elsa, and Camille Rosenthal-Sabroux. 2014. “Recommendations to Improve the Smartness of a City.” In Smart City: How to Create Public and Economic Value with High Technology in Urban Space, edited by Renata Paola Dameri and Camille Rosenthal-Sabroux, 101–115. Progress in IS. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Review of African Political Economy.

Blog post

Fang, Janet. 2015. “Bats Open Their Mouths Wider To Focus Their Sonar Beam.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1981. Achieving Greater Economies in Data Processing in Federal Government. 115926. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Salinsky, John L. 2012. “Local Disaster Preparedness for the Disabled Population: Are We Ready?” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, Mary. 2014. “Skating With a Smile, No Matter What.” New York Times, February 18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Moro-Martin 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Moro-Martin 2014; Halloran and Longini 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Halloran and Longini 2014)
Three authors: (Acar, Becskei, and van Oudenaarden 2005)
4 or more authors: (Reiter et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Review of African Political Economy
Abbreviation	Rev. Afr. Polit. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0305-6244
ISSN (online)	1740-1720
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development Political Science and International Relations