How to format your references using the Review of African Political Economy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Review of African Political Economy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wagner, Michael. 2015. “Microbiology: Conductive Consortia.” Nature 526 (7574): 513–514.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hightower, Mike, and Suzanne A. Pierce. 2008. “The Energy Challenge.” Nature 452 (7185): 285–286.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reinisch, K. M., M. L. Nibert, and S. C. Harrison. 2000. “Structure of the Reovirus Core at 3.6 A Resolution.” Nature 404 (6781): 960–967.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Niemela, J. J., L. Skrbek, K. R. Sreenivasan, and R. J. Donnelly. 2000. “Turbulent Convection at Very High Rayleigh Numbers.” Nature 404 (6780): 837–840.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pohanish, Richard P., and Stanley A. Greene. 2005. Wiley Guide to Chemical Incompatibilities. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Güçlü, Alev Devrim. 2014. Graphene Quantum Dots. Edited by Pawel Potasz, Marek Korkusinski, and Pawel Hawrylak. NanoScience and Technology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Biswas, Pradipta, and Patrick Langdon. 2015. “Inclusive User Modeling and Simulation.” In A Multimodal End-2-End Approach to Accessible Computing, edited by Pradipta Biswas, Carlos Duarte, Patrick Langdon, and Luis Almeida, 91–110. Human–Computer Interaction Series. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Review of African Political Economy.

Blog post

Davis, Josh. 2017. “Great Barrier Reef Under Threat Of Being Listed A ‘World Heritage Site In Danger.’” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1985. Institutional Aid Under Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965. 127541. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Collins, Kathryn. 2014. “Learning to Live in the Layers: Traveling Soul’s Way through Poetry.” Doctoral dissertation, Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Powell, Michael. 2017. “Warriors Unleash Tornado of Talent, Turning the Finals Into a Breeze.” New York Times, June 5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wagner 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Wagner 2015; Hightower and Pierce 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hightower and Pierce 2008)
Three authors: (Reinisch, Nibert, and Harrison 2000)
4 or more authors: (Niemela et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Review of African Political Economy
Abbreviation	Rev. Afr. Polit. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0305-6244
ISSN (online)	1740-1720
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development Political Science and International Relations