How to format your references using the Research on Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research on Biomedical Engineering (RBE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cole-Hamilton DJ. Homogeneous catalysis--new approaches to catalyst separation, recovery, and recycling. Science. 2003;299:1702–6. PMid:12637737. .

A journal article with 2 authors

Rikken GL, Raupach E. Enantioselective magnetochiral photochemistry. Nature. 2000;405:932–5. PMid:10879530. .

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang APP, Pigli YZ, Rice PA. Structure of the LexA-DNA complex and implications for SOS box measurement. Nature. 2010;466:883–6. PMid:20703307. .

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gorthi A, Romero JC, Loranc E, Cao L, Lawrence LA, Goodale E, Iniguez AB, Bernard X, Masamsetti VP, Roston S, Lawlor ER, Toretsky JA, Stegmaier K, Lessnick SL, Chen Y, Bishop AJR. Author Correction: EWS-FLI1 increases transcription to cause R-loops and block BRCA1 repair in Ewing sarcoma. Nature. 2018;559:E11. PMid:29950716. .

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vicat-Blanc P, Soudan S, Guillier R, Goglin B. Computing Networks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2013.

An edited book

Yang M. Energy Efficiency: Benefits for Environment and Society. London: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Lazazzara A, Ghiringhelli C. Developing Social Leadership: Cultural and Technological Influences. In: Mola L, Pennarola F, Za S, editors. From Information to Smart Society: Environment, Politics and Economics, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 31–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research on Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

Andrews R. Worldwide Cyberattack Stopped After Sole Researcher Accidentally Discovers Kill Switch. IFLScience. 2017. [cited 2018 October 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/worldwide-cyberattack-stopped-after-sole-researcher-accidentally-discovers-kill-switch/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Surface Transportation: A Comprehensive Plan Could Facilitate Implementation of a National Performance Management Approach. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2017.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Anyaoha AL. Surgical time-out: A nursing team training approach. [Doctoral dissertation]. 2013. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ember S, Grynbaum MM. Where the Future Isn’t So Glossy. New York Times. 2017:BU1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cole-Hamilton, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Cole-Hamilton, 2003; Rikken and Raupach, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rikken and Raupach, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Gorthi et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research on Biomedical Engineering
ISSN (print)	2446-4732
ISSN (online)	2446-4740
Scope

Research and Writing Guides