How to format your references using the Research on Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research on Biomedical Engineering (RBE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Montagnier L. Historical essay. A history of HIV discovery. Science. 2002;298:1727–8. PMid:12459575. .

A journal article with 2 authors

Bhaskaran H, Russell R. Kinetic redistribution of native and misfolded RNAs by a DEAD-box chaperone. Nature. 2007;449:1014–8. PMid:17960235. .

A journal article with 3 authors

Sibanda BL, Chirgadze DY, Blundell TL. Crystal structure of DNA-PKcs reveals a large open-ring cradle comprised of HEAT repeats. Nature. 2010;463:118–21. PMid:20023628. .

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Knauth DC, Federman SR, Lambert DL, Crane P. Newly synthesized lithium in the interstellar medium. Nature. 2000;405:656–8. PMid:10864316. .

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Speight JG, Foote R. Ethics in Science and Engineering. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Broy M, Grünbauer J, Harel D, Hoare T, editors. Engineering Theories of Software Intensive Systems: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Engineering Theories of Software Intensive Systems Marktoberdorf, Germany 3–15 August 2004. vol. 195. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Nedjalkov M, Querlioz D, Dollfus P, Kosina H. Wigner Function Approach. In: Vasileska D, Goodnick SM, editors. Nano-Electronic Devices: Semiclassical and Quantum Transport Modeling, New York, NY: Springer; 2011, p. 289–358.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research on Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E. Would You Take A Bath In Red Wine For Your Health? IFLScience. 2015. [cited 2018 October 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/would-you-take-bath-red-wine-your-health/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Comments on the Office of Personnel Management’s February 20, 2008 Report to Congress Regarding the Retirement Systems Modernization. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lee CM. Principals’ Understanding of Teacher Evaluations Connected to the Colorado Student Assessment Program. [Doctoral dissertation]. 2014. Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr. No More Tea With Caligula. New York Times. 2017:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Montagnier, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Bhaskaran and Russell, 2007; Montagnier, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bhaskaran and Russell, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Knauth et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research on Biomedical Engineering
ISSN (print)	2446-4732
ISSN (online)	2446-4740
Scope