How to format your references using the Research on Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research on Biomedical Engineering (RBE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Balter M. EUROPEAN SCIENCE POLICY: France Rebels Against Gene-Patenting Law. Science. 2000;288:2115a. PMid:17758898. .

A journal article with 2 authors

Nuth JA 3rd, Johnson NM. Astronomy. Complex protostellar chemistry. Science. 2012;336:424–5. PMid:22461497. .

A journal article with 3 authors

Cheng L, Hong W, Hao Z-C. Generation of electromagnetic waves with arbitrary orbital angular momentum modes. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4814. PMid:24770669. .

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zeng H, Li J, Liu JP, Wang ZL, Sun S. Exchange-coupled nanocomposite magnets by nanoparticle self-assembly. Nature. 2002;420:395–8. PMid:12459779. .

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rooney T. IP Address Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Patrick PG. Zoo Talk. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Bault J-P, Loeuillet L. Brain Biometrics. In: Loeuillet L, editor. The Normal and Pathological Fetal Brain: Ultrasonographic Features, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 123–30.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research on Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

Taub B. The World’s First Three-Parent Baby Has Been Born. IFLScience. 2016. [cited 2018 October 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/worlds-first-three-parent-baby-born/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. California High-Speed Passenger Rail: Project Estimates Could Be Improved to Better Inform Future Decisions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chavez G. Creating Integrated, Inquiry Science Lessons Based on Early Childhood Science Activities. [Doctoral dissertation]. 2017. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY JC Jr, Ferré-Sadurní L. Trial for Brazen Murder Brings Mother No Solace. New York Times. 2017:A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Balter, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Balter, 2000; Nuth and Johnson, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nuth and Johnson, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Zeng et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research on Biomedical Engineering
ISSN (print)	2446-4732
ISSN (online)	2446-4740
Scope