How to format your references using the Research on Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research on Biomedical Engineering (RBE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Havlin S. Epidemiology. Phone infections. Science. 2009;324:1023–4. PMid:19460993. .

A journal article with 2 authors

Haigo SL, Bilder D. Global tissue revolutions in a morphogenetic movement controlling elongation. Science. 2011;331:1071–4. PMid:21212324. .

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen M, McCauley JW, Hemker KJ. Shock-induced localized amorphization in boron carbide. Science. 2003;299:1563–6. PMid:12624264. .

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nishiyama M, Hong K, Mikoshiba K, Poo MM, Kato K. Calcium stores regulate the polarity and input specificity of synaptic modification. Nature. 2000;408:584–8. PMid:11117745. .

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bunnell T. From World City to the World in One City. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Iwata H. Formulas, Ingredients and Production of Cosmetics: Technology of Skin- and Hair-Care Products in Japan. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Chesi S, Giuliani GF. In-plane ferromagnetic instability in a two-dimensional electron liquid in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling. In: Polini M, Vignale G, Pellegrini V, Jain JK, editors. No-nonsense Physicist: An overview of Gabriele Giuliani’s work and life, Pisa: Scuola Normale Superiore; 2016, p. 61–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research on Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

Fang J. Fossil of Earliest Known Baboon Unearthed in South Africa. IFLScience. 2015. [cited 2018 October 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/fossil-earliest-known-baboon-unearthed-south-africa/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Public Transit: Observations on Recent Changes to the Capital Investment Grant Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Deutsch D. Increased mental health services for the homeless. [Doctoral dissertation]. 2010. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. Coaching The Kayakers On 2 Wheels. New York Times. 2012:B17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Havlin, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Haigo and Bilder, 2011; Havlin, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Haigo and Bilder, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Nishiyama et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research on Biomedical Engineering
ISSN (print)	2446-4732
ISSN (online)	2446-4740
Scope