How to format your references using the Research Integrity and Peer Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research Integrity and Peer Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Zimmerman PD. Science since 9/11: Homeland insecurity. Nature. 2011;477:153–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Qu S-W, Nie Z-P. Plasmonic nanopatch array for optical integrated circuit applications. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3172.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Krasnoshchekov DN, Kaazik PB, Ovtchinnikov VM. Seismological evidence for mosaic structure of the surface of the Earth’s inner core. Nature. 2005;435:483–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Santamaría D, Barrière C, Cerqueira A, Hunt S, Tardy C, Newton K, et al. Cdk1 is sufficient to drive the mammalian cell cycle. Nature. 2007;448:811–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Hersent O, Petit J-P, Gurle D. Beyond VoIP Protocols. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Sartor G, Palmirani M, Francesconi E, Biasiotti MA, editors. Legislative XML for the Semantic Web: Principles, Models, Standards for Document Management. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bon C, Raudrant D. Use of Umbilical Venous Blood on Assessing the Biochemical Variations of Acid–Base, Nutritional and Metabolic Parameters on Growth-Retarded Fetuses, in Comparison with Gestational Control Cases: A Study. In: Bhattacharya N, Stubblefield P, editors. Regenerative Medicine Using Pregnancy-Specific Biological Substances. London: Springer; 2011. p. 31–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research Integrity and Peer Review.

Blog post

1. Fang J. This Microbe’s Hair is Actually a Nanowire for Powering Itself [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/microbes-hair-actually-nanowire-powering-itself/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Performance Appraisal Information From Selected Federal Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985 Oct. Report No.: GGD-86-1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Bornheimer ME. The influence of leadership development programs on the community college leadership shortage: A case study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Middle Schools Add Team Rule: Get a Drug Test. New York Times. 2012 Sep 23;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Research Integrity and Peer Review
Abbreviation	Res. Integr. Peer Rev.
ISSN (online)	2058-8615
Scope