How to format your references using the Research in Engineering Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Engineering Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stewart M (2003) Structural biology. Nuclear trafficking. Science 302:1513–1514

A journal article with 2 authors

Szalay A, Gray J (2001) The world-wide telescope. Science 293:2037–2040

A journal article with 3 authors

Buck WR, Lavier LL, Poliakov ANB (2005) Modes of faulting at mid-ocean ridges. Nature 434:719–723

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Matsubara S, Ding Q, Miyazaki Y, et al (2013) mTOR plays critical roles in pancreatic cancer stem cells through specific and stemness-related functions. Sci Rep 3:3230

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Beach GJ (2013) The U.S. Technology Skills Gap. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Ayache N, Delingette H, Golland P, Mori K (eds) (2012) Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2012: 15th International Conference, Nice, France, October 1-5, 2012, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Stanić S, Hren D, Buzov I (2016) Schools, Local Communities and Communication: Above and Beyond the Stakeholders. In: Alfirević N, Burušić J, Pavičić J, Relja R (eds) School Effectiveness and Educational Management: Towards a South-Eastern Europe Research and Public Policy Agenda. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 49–65

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Engineering Design.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) This Is The Submarine NASA’s Wants To Use To Explore Titan. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/check-out-nasa-s-conceptual-submarine-explore-titan-s-kraken-mare/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) Radio Communications: Congressional Action Needed to Ensure Agencies Collaborate to Develop a Joint Solution. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Amanoua KP (2014) Langue et identité dans les milieux populaires québécois et antillais. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stelter B (2013) Waking Up On The Wrong Side Of A Rating War. New York Times MM24

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stewart 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Szalay and Gray 2001; Stewart 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Szalay and Gray 2001)
Three or more authors: (Matsubara et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Engineering Design
Abbreviation	Res. Eng. Des.
ISSN (print)	0934-9839
ISSN (online)	1435-6066
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Architecture