How to format your references using the Anaesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anaesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Clapham DE. TRP channels as cellular sensors. Nature 2003; 426: 517–24.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Perea G, Araque A. Astrocytes potentiate transmitter release at single hippocampal synapses. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2007; 317: 1083–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Roselló-Díez A, Ros MA, Torres M. Diffusible signals, not autonomous mechanisms, determine the main proximodistal limb subdivision. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2011; 332: 1086–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Zhang Y, Ge X, Yang F et al. Comparison of non-canonical PAMs for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage in human cells. Scientific reports 2014; 4: 5405.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bartley T. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Cancer. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011.

An edited book

1. Schmidt-Traub H. Integrated Reaction and Separation Operations: Modelling and Experimental Validation. Górak A, ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Whitehouse R. Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). In: Payne S, Eardley I, O’Flynn K, eds. Imaging and Technology in Urology: Principles and Clinical Applications. London: Springer, 2012: 19–22.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anaesthesia.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. 13-Year-Old Becomes Youngest Scientist to Achieve Nuclear Fusion. IFLScience, 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/13-year-old-becomes-youngest-scientist-achieve-nuclear-fusion/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Landsat Policy Issues Still Unresolved. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Beyer PD. Authentic Leadership in-extremis: A study of combat leadership. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hollander S. Offended Fan Wants Ashe Statue Moved. New York Times, 2000.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Anaesthesia
Abbreviation	Anaesthesia
ISSN (print)	0003-2409
ISSN (online)	1365-2044
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

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