How to format your references using the Anaesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anaesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Christensen PR. Formation of recent martian gullies through melting of extensive water-rich snow deposits. Nature 2003; 422: 45–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Maher K, Chamberlain CP. Hydrologic regulation of chemical weathering and the geologic carbon cycle. Science 2014; 343: 1502–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Aminetzach YT, Macpherson JM, Petrov DA. Pesticide resistance via transposition-mediated adaptive gene truncation in Drosophila. Science 2005; 309: 764–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kim H, Rogers MJ, Richmond JE, McIntire SL. SNF-6 is an acetylcholine transporter interacting with the dystrophin complex in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 2004; 430: 891–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Owen JS, Fiedler-Kelly J. Introduction to Population Pharmacokinetic / Pharmacodynamic Analysis with Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014.

An edited book

1. Ceci M, Loglisci C, Manco G, Masciari E, Ras ZW, eds. New Frontiers in Mining Complex Patterns: 4th International Workshop, NFMCP 2015, Held in Conjunction with ECML-PKDD 2015, Porto, Portugal, September 7, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bellman C, AlOmari R, Fung A, Vargas Martin M, Liscano R. Challenges in the Effectiveness of Image Tagging Using Consumer-Grade Brain-Computer Interfaces. In: De Paolis LT, Mongelli A, eds. Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics: Third International Conference, AVR 2016, Lecce, Italy, June 15-18, 2016. Proceedings, Part II. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016: 55–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anaesthesia.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. World’s Largest Megaraptor Was Nothing Short Of Terrifying. IFLScience, 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/worlds-largest-megaraptor-nothing-short-terrifying/ (accessed 30/10/2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. FAA Budget: Important Challenges Affecting Aviation Safety, Capacity, and Efficiency. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Chavez TM. A quasi-experimental study of the relationship between school structure and student outcomes. 2008. .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Hitting the Wall: For Marathon Charities, Numbers Are Slowing. New York Times, 2013. .

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Anaesthesia
Abbreviation	Anaesthesia
ISSN (print)	0003-2409
ISSN (online)	1365-2044
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine