How to format your references using the Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Taylor, R. (2014). Hydrology: When wells run dry. Nature, 516(7530), 179–180.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maillard, I., & Pear, W. S. (2007). Immunology. Keeping a tight leash on Notch. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5826), 840–842.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhou, Z., Barrett, P. M., & Hilton, J. (2003). An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem. Nature, 421(6925), 807–814.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhao, X., Shi, Q., Gray, M. R., & Xu, C. (2014). New vanadium compounds in Venezuela heavy crude oil detected by positive-ion electrospray ionization fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Scientific reports, 4, 5373.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dean, J. R. (2005). Practical Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy: Dean/Plasma. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Pulendran, B., Katsikis, P. D., & Schoenberger, S. P. (Eds.). (2011). Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity III (Vol. 780). New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Narita, H., Harusawa, K., Yagihashi, M., & Fujimoto, H. (2010). A Trial of Numerical Calculation of Wear for Artificial Hip Joints. In K. Shirase & S. Aoyagi (Eds.), Service Robotics and Mechatronics: Selected Papers of the International Conference on Machine Automation ICMA2008 (pp. 21–26). London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016, December 27). “Xenomorph Baby” Pokes His Feet Out Through His Mom’s Uterus. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/xenomorph-baby-pokes-his-feet-out-through-his-moms-uterus/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1988). Competition: Issues on Establishing and Using Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (No. NSIAD-88-22). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bearden, B. A. (2008). Followership as perceived by leaders in a multidisciplinary healthcare organization (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2007, January 28). Nassau Has $100 Million for Open Space. New York Times, p. 14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Taylor 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Maillard and Pear 2007; Taylor 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maillard and Pear 2007)
Three or more authors: (Zhao et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning
ISSN (online)	1793-7078
Scope