How to format your references using the Representation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Representation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

MCNAB, BRIAN K. 2003. Metabolism: ecology shapes bird bioenergetics. Nature 426 (6967): 620–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

SUSIARJO, MARTHA, and MARISA S. BARTOLOMEI. 2014. Epigenetics. You are what you eat, but what about your DNA? Science (New York, N.Y.) 345 (6198): 733–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

HENRY, GARY T., C. KEVIN FORTNER, and KEVIN C. BASTIAN. 2012. The effects of experience and attrition for novice high-school science and mathematics teachers. Science (New York, N.Y.) 335 (6072): 1118–21.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

ALLWOOD, D. A. et al. 2005. Magnetic domain-wall logic. Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5741): 1688–92.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

KOLB, ROBERT W. 2011. Sovereign Debt. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

SYROTIUK, VIOLET R., and EDGAR CHÁVEZ, ed. 2005. Ad-Hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks: 4th International Conference, ADHOC-NOW 2005, Cancun, Mexico, October 6-8, 2005. Proceedings. Vol. 3738. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

SHAIKH, NOOR AHMED, ZUBAIR AHMED SHAIKH, and GHULAM ALI. 2009. Segmentation of Arabic Text into Characters for Recognition. In Wireless Networks, Information Processing and Systems: International Multi Topic Conference, IMTIC 2008 Jamshoro, Pakistan, April 11-12, 2008 Revised Selected Papers, edited by D. M. Akbar Hussain, Abdul Qadeer Khan Rajput, Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry, and Quintin Gee. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 11–8.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Representation.

Blog post

ANDREW, DANIELLE. 2016. Ten Tips To Help Students Become More Employable. IFLScience. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/ten-tips-to-help-students-become-more-employable/, accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE. 2017. Aviation Security: TSA Has Made Progress Implementing Requirements in the Aviation Security Act of 2016. GAO-17-662. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

SVARDA, DEVON. 2010. Man 2 Man. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

WOGAN, JOHN. 2017. In Store; No Red, No Blue. New York Times, January 10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McNab 2003).
This sentence cites two references (McNab 2003; Susiarjo and Bartolomei 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Susiarjo and Bartolomei 2014)
Three authors: (Henry, Fortner, and Bastian 2012)
4 or more authors: (Allwood et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Representation
ISSN (print)	0034-4893
ISSN (online)	1749-4001
Scope