How to format your references using the Raptor Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Raptor Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Eisenstein M 2015: Medical marijuana: Showdown at the cannabis corral. Nature 525(7570): S15-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cheetham AK & Rao CNR 2007: Materials science. There’s room in the middle. Science (New York, N.Y.) 318(5847): 58–59.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bonasio R, Tu S & Reinberg D 2010: Molecular signals of epigenetic states. Science (New York, N.Y.) 330(6004): 612–616.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li S, Tian Y, Wu K, Ye Y, Yu J, Zhang J, Liu Q, Hu M, Li H, Tong Y, Harberd NP & Fu X 2018: Modulating plant growth-metabolism coordination for sustainable agriculture. Nature 560(7720): 595–600.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chandler C 2010: The Science of ADHD. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Bebis G, Boyle R, Parvin B, Koracin D, Kuno Y, Wang J, Wang J-X, Pajarola R, Lindstrom P, Hinkenjann A, Encarnação ML, Silva CT & Coming D (eds) 2009: Advances in Visual Computing: 5th International Symposium, ISVC 2009, Las Vegas, NV, USA, November 30 - December 2, 2009, Proceedings, Part I, volume 5875. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. XLIII, 1117 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Llinás RR 2009: Umwelt: A Psychomotor Functional Event, 29–37. In: Berthoz A & Y Christen (eds), Neurobiology of “Umwelt”: How Living Beings Perceive the World. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Raptor Journal.

Blog post

Hale T 2015: 211 New Species Discovered In The Himalayas. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sneezing-monkeys-walking-fish-and-209-new-species-discovered-himalayas/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1973: Surface Effect Ships. No. 093812. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miramontes AJ 2017: Examining eye fixation patterns during the Situation Present Assessment Method (SPAM) under varying levels of workload. Doctoral dissertation California State University, Long Beach Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dash E 2011: Standard & Poor’s Lowers More Ratings.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Eisenstein 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Cheetham & Rao 2007; Eisenstein 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cheetham & Rao 2007)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Raptor Journal
ISSN (online)	2644-5247
Scope