How to format your references using the Race Ethnicity and Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Race Ethnicity and Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Powell, Kendall. 2004. “Age Is No Barrier.” Nature 432 (7013): 40–42.

A journal article with 2 authors

de Groot, B. L., and H. Grubmüller. 2001. “Water Permeation across Biological Membranes: Mechanism and Dynamics of Aquaporin-1 and GlpF.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 294 (5550): 2353–2357.

A journal article with 3 authors

Velarde, Enriqueta, Exequiel Ezcurra, and Daniel W. Anderson. 2013. “Seabird Diets Provide Early Warning of Sardine Fishery Declines in the Gulf of California.” Scientific Reports 3: 1332.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Breitburg, Denise, Lisa A. Levin, Andreas Oschlies, Marilaure Grégoire, Francisco P. Chavez, Daniel J. Conley, Véronique Garçon, et al. 2018. “Declining Oxygen in the Global Ocean and Coastal Waters.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 359 (6371).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Borisenko, Victor E., and Stefano Ossicini. 2012. What Is What in the Nanoworld. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Novitzky, Dimitri, and David K. C. Cooper, eds. 2013. The Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Pathophysiology and Management. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hanstedt, Paul. 2014. “The Generalist.” In Forging a Rewarding Career in the Humanities: Advice for Academics, edited by Karla P. Zepeda and Ellen Mayock, 37–46. Rotterdam: SensePublishers.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Race Ethnicity and Education.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2014. “NASA Releases 681 Gigapixel Interactive Map of Lunar North Pole.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-releases-681-gigapixel-interactive-map-lunar-north-pole/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1981. Comments on H.R. 5103, Snyder Letter. CBD-2-63. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Boucher, Daryl. 2013. “An Action Research Project: Development of a Pre-Licensure Examination Review Course for Emergency Medical Technician Program Graduates at a Rural Community College.” Doctoral dissertation, Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, George Gene. 2016. “R. L. Stine to Write Comic Books for Marvel.” New York Times, December 9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Powell 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Powell 2004; de Groot and Grubmüller 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (de Groot and Grubmüller 2001)
Three authors: (Velarde, Ezcurra, and Anderson 2013)
4 or more authors: (Breitburg et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Race Ethnicity and Education
Abbreviation	Race Ethn. Educ.
ISSN (print)	1361-3324
ISSN (online)	1470-109X
Scope	Education Cultural Studies Demography