How to format your references using the Quaternary Science Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Quaternary Science Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mims, C., 2010. Life in science: Generation X-change. Nature 467, S16-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lefèvre, F., Forget, F., 2009. Observed variations of methane on Mars unexplained by known atmospheric chemistry and physics. Nature 460, 720–723.

A journal article with 3 authors

Veríssimo, A., Cochrane, M.A., Souza, C., Jr, 2002. Ecology. National forests in the Amazon. Science 297, 1478.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Föhlisch, A., Feulner, P., Hennies, F., Fink, A., Menzel, D., Sanchez-Portal, D., Echenique, P.M., Wurth, W., 2005. Direct observation of electron dynamics in the attosecond domain. Nature 436, 373–376.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Borgen, U.J., Nakrem, H.A., 2016. Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of osteolepiform fish. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Lerche, I., 2006. Environmental Risk Assessment: Quantitative Measures, Anthropogenic Influences, Human Impact. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Petrov, B.P., 2007. Amphibians and Reptiles of Bulgaria: Fauna, Vertical Distribution, Zoogeography, and Conservation, in: Fet, V., Popov, A. (Eds.), Biogeography and Ecology of Bulgaria, Monographiae Biologicae. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 85–107.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Quaternary Science Reviews.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016. Dinosaur Crater Drilling Project Declared A “Fantastic Success” [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/pioneering-effort-drill-through-dinosaur-killing-impact-crater-declared-outstanding/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Commercial Aviation: Preliminary Observations on Legacy Airlines’ Financial Condition, Bankruptcy, and Pension Issues (No. GAO-05-835T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fischer, D., 2012. Psychology and people living with hiv/aids: A critical review of the literature (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Anderson, J., 2017. Pinning Award Hopes on a Powerful Song. New York Times C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mims, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Lefèvre and Forget, 2009; Mims, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lefèvre and Forget, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Föhlisch et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Quaternary Science Reviews
Abbreviation	Quat. Sci. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0277-3791
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Archaeology Geology Global and Planetary Change