How to format your references using the Quantum Beam Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Quantum Beam Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moore, P. Playing with the Pieces. Nature 2003, 426, 725.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rhie, J.; Romanowicz, B. Excitation of Earth’s Continuous Free Oscillations by Atmosphere-Ocean-Seafloor Coupling. Nature 2004, 431, 552–556.

A journal article with 3 authors

Griesinger, C.B.; Richards, C.D.; Ashmore, J.F. Fast Vesicle Replenishment Allows Indefatigable Signalling at the First Auditory Synapse. Nature 2005, 435, 212–215.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Xu, Z.; Wei, W.; Gagneur, J.; Perocchi, F.; Clauder-Münster, S.; Camblong, J.; Guffanti, E.; Stutz, F.; Huber, W.; Steinmetz, L.M. Bidirectional Promoters Generate Pervasive Transcription in Yeast. Nature 2009, 457, 1033–1037.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pierce, D.R. Project Scheduling and Management for Construction; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2013; ISBN 9781118779552.

An edited book

Biology of Inositols and Phosphoinositides: Subcellular Biochemistry; Majumder, A.L., Biswas, B.B., Eds.; Subcellular Biochemistry; Springer US: Boston, MA, 2006; Vol. 39; ISBN 9780387275994.

A chapter in an edited book

Clay, S.M.; Fong, S.S. Synthetic Biology. In Developing Biofuel Bioprocesses Using Systems and Synthetic Biology; Fong, S.S., Ed.; SpringerBriefs in Systems Biology; Springer: New York, NY, 2013; pp. 37–44 ISBN 9781461455790.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Quantum Beam Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. We Are Lucky To Live In A Universe Made For Us (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Highlights of a GAO Forum: Global Competitiveness: Implications for the Nation’s Higher Education System; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2007;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lee, J.Y. Socio-Spatial Exclusion Based on Human Activities and Social Networks in Space-Time: A Case Study of Koreans in Columbus, Ohio. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University: Columbus, OH, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED, M.J. Bank Hires Tech Expert to Court Traditional Firms. New York Times 2017, B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Quantum Beam Science
Abbreviation	Quantum Beam Sci.
ISSN (online)	2412-382X
Scope