How to format your references using the Qualitative Psychology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Qualitative Psychology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Matsuda, R. (2014). Materials chemistry: Selectivity from flexibility. Nature, 509(7501), 434–435.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mellars, P., & French, J. C. (2011). Tenfold population increase in Western Europe at the Neandertal-to-modern human transition. Science (New York, N.Y.), 333(6042), 623–627.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhurov, V., Terzin, T., & Grbić, M. (2004). Early blastomere determines embryo proliferation and caste fate in a polyembryonic wasp. Nature, 432(7018), 764–769.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Lorenz, L., Axnick, J., Buschmann, T., Henning, C., Urner, S., Fang, S., Nurmi, H., Eichhorst, N., Holtmeier, R., Bódis, K., Hwang, J.-H., Müssig, K., Eberhard, D., Stypmann, J., Kuss, O., Roden, M., Alitalo, K., Häussinger, D., & Lammert, E. (2018). Mechanosensing by β1 integrin induces angiocrine signals for liver growth and survival. Nature, 562(7725), 128–132.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fortey, R. A., & Bruton, D. L. (2013). Lower Ordovician Trilobites of the Kirtonryggen Formation, Spitsbergen. The Lethaia Foundation.

An edited book

Nishigaki, M., Jøsang, A., Murayama, Y., & Marsh, S. (Eds.). (2010). Trust Management IV: 4th IFIP WG 11.11 International Conference, IFIPTM 2010, Morioka, Japan, June 16-18, 2010. Proceedings (Vol. 321). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bowers, A., & Kalton, N. J. (2014). Consequences of Completeness. In N. J. Kalton (Ed.), An Introductory Course in Functional Analysis (pp. 61–82). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Qualitative Psychology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, May 28). Researchers Use Light To Recover ‘Lost’ Memories. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1971). Basis Used by the Office of Education for Classifying Contracts as Either Competitive or Noncompetitive (B-164031(1)). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lin, T. S. (2014). The invisible “religious” minority: Working with the nonreligious bereaved [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, G. G. (2014, July 21). Comics Sales Rise, in Paper and Pixels. New York Times, B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Matsuda, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Matsuda, 2014; Mellars & French, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mellars & French, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Lorenz et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Qualitative Psychology
Abbreviation	Qual. Psychol.
ISSN (print)	2326-3601
ISSN (online)	2326-3598
Scope