How to format your references using the Pulmonary Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pulmonary Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Smaglik P. Career prospects in Europe. Nature. 2002;419:3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Fry CJ, Peterson CL. Transcription. Unlocking the gates to gene expression. Science. 2002;295:1847–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Quoidbach J, Gilbert DT, Wilson TD. The end of history illusion. Science. 2013;339:96–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sillaber I, Rammes G, Zimmermann S, Mahal B, Zieglgänsberger W, Wurst W, et al. Enhanced and delayed stress-induced alcohol drinking in mice lacking functional CRH1 receptors. Science. 2002;296:931–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Held G. Bulletproofing TCP/IP-based Windows NT/2000 Networks. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2001.

An edited book

1. Parenti C. Algebra lineare ed equazioni differenziali ordinarie. Parmeggiani A, editor. Milano: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Arrigo A-P. Anti-apoptotic, Tumorigenic and Metastatic Potential of Hsp27 (HspB1) and αB-crystallin (HspB5): Emerging Targets for the Development of New Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Strategies. In: Calderwood SK, Sherman MY, Ciocca DR, editors. Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007. p. 73–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pulmonary Therapy.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Death Match: Tarantula vs. Wasp. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Review of Ohio State Plan for the Education of Handicapped Children. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976 Apr. Report No.: 088676.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rajagopal S. Assessing water management impacts of climate change for a semi-arid watershed in the southwestern US [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hodara S. Affordability in a Bucolic Setting. New York Times. 2016 Nov 2;RE17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pulmonary Therapy
Abbreviation	Pulm. Ther.
ISSN (print)	2364-1754
ISSN (online)	2364-1746
Scope