How to format your references using the Pulmonary Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pulmonary Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Stierle A. Materials science. Tracking corrosion cracking. Science. 2008;321:349–50.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Budd GE, Telford MJ. The origin and evolution of arthropods. Nature. 2009;457:812–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Lewis SL, Edwards DP, Galbraith D. Increasing human dominance of tropical forests. Science. 2015;349:827–32.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kanzok SM, Fechner A, Bauer H, Ulschmid JK, Müller HM, Botella-Munoz J, et al. Substitution of the thioredoxin system for glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster. Science. 2001;291:643–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Kukushkin A. Radio Wave Propagation in the Marine Boundary Layer. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2004.

An edited book

1. Moreno-Arribas MV, Bartolomé Suáldea B, editors. Wine Safety, Consumer Preference, and Human Health. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Hoet PHM, Geys J, Nemmar A, Nemery B. Inhalation of Nanomaterials: Short Overview of the Local and Systemic Effects. In: Simeonova PP, Opopol N, Luster MI, editors. Nanotechnology – Toxicological Issues and Environmental Safety and Environmental Safety. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007. p. 77–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pulmonary Therapy.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. White Roofs Cut Energy Consumption In Cool Climates Too. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. DOD Business Systems Modernization: Billions Continue to Be Invested with Inadequate Management Oversight and Accountability. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004 May. Report No.: GAO-04-615.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Hendricks ED. Teaching teachers: A study of teacher educators’ perceptions of the effect of meeting mandated NCATE standards [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Tavernise S. A Moscow of Dancing Feet, Under an Iron Fist. New York Times. 2015 Aug 9;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pulmonary Therapy
Abbreviation	Pulm. Ther.
ISSN (print)	2364-1754
ISSN (online)	2364-1746
Scope