How to format your references using the Public Health Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Public Health Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smithies O. Science brick by brick. Nature 2010;467:S6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bose SK, Marder TB. ORGANIC CATALYSIS. A leap ahead for activating C-H bonds. Science 2015;349:473–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Donner SD, Kandlikar M, Zerriffi H. Environment and development. Preparing to manage climate change financing. Science 2011;334:908–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Smith FA, Boyer AG, Brown JH, Costa DP, Dayan T, Ernest SKM, et al. The evolution of maximum body size of terrestrial mammals. Science 2010;330:1216–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Scott DM. World Wide Rave. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Vogel HG, Hock FJ, Maas J, Mayer D, editors. Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Eng ML, Birch JT. Medication Use and Polypharmacy in Older Adults. In: Griebling TL, editor. Geriatric Urology. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. p. 55–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Public Health Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. First Vaccine For ’Mad-Cow’- Like Disease In Deer Shows Promise. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014. URL: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/first-vaccine-mad-cow-disease-deer-shows-promise/ (Accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. FAA Technical Center: Mission and Role in National Airspace System Plan Implementation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lin Y-S. Virtuoso piano transcriptions of Stephen Hough and Marc-André Hamelin: Lisztian tradition in the twenty-first century. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach; 2009; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. Lawmakers Pass Bill On Affordable Housing. New York Times 2007:LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Public Health Research
Abbreviation	Public Health Res. (Southampt)
ISSN (print)	2050-4381
ISSN (online)	2050-439X
Scope