How to format your references using the Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hardin LS. Meetings that changed the world: Bellagio 1969: The green revolution. Nature. 2008 Sep;455(7212):470–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Marraffini LA, Sontheimer EJ. Self versus non-self discrimination during CRISPR RNA-directed immunity. Nature. 2010 Jan;463(7280):568–71.

A journal article with 3 authors

Stinchcombe J, Bossi G, Griffiths GM. Linking albinism and immunity: the secrets of secretory lysosomes. Science. 2004 Jul;305(5680):55–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kagawa T, Sakai T, Suetsugu N, Oikawa K, Ishiguro S, Kato T, et al. Arabidopsis NPL1: a phototropin homolog controlling the chloroplast high-light avoidance response. Science. 2001 Mar;291(5511):2138–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Graham C. Markov Chains: Analytic and Monte Carlo Computations. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Lichtfouse E, editor. Organic Fertilisation, Soil Quality and Human Health. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Bridges D. The Discipline(s) of Educational Research. In: Reid AD, Hart EP, Peters MA, editors. A Companion to Research in Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014; pp 31–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Recession Is The Real Reason For The U.S.’s Reduced Emissions [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Jul

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NSF Review: Review Process for the National Science Foundation’s Science and Engineering Pipeline Study. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ashirgade A. Mechanistic study of the rubber-brass adhesion interphase. 2010

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear MD, Martin J. Trump Welcomes West Virginia Governor to G.O.P. New York Times. 2017 Aug;A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
Abbreviation	Psychother. Psychosom.
ISSN (print)	0033-3190
ISSN (online)	1423-0348
Scope	General Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Applied Psychology Clinical Psychology