How to format your references using the Psychological Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychological Medicine (PSM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rogers, J. A. (2012). Materials science. Nanometer-scale printing. Science (New York, N.Y.), 337(6101), 1459–1460.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suster, M. L., & Bate, M. (2002). Embryonic assembly of a central pattern generator without sensory input. Nature, 416(6877), 174–178.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jeffery, C. S., Tout, C. A., & Lattanzio, J. C. (2006). Astronomy. Nucleosynthesis in binary stars. Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5759), 345–346.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Sumioka, H., Nakae, A., Kanai, R., & Ishiguro, H. (2013). Huggable communication medium decreases cortisol levels. Scientific Reports, 3, 3034.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gwynne, A. (2013). Guide to Building Control. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Miller, H., Grant, L., & Pomson, A. (Eds.). (2011). International Handbook of Jewish Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

El-Salhy, M., Hatlebakk, J. G., & Hausken, T. (2015). How is Irritable Bowel Syndrome Diagnosed? In J. G. Hatlebakk & T. Hausken (Eds.), Understanding and Controlling the Irritable Bowel (pp. 39–43). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychological Medicine.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2017, March 24). The Sun Has Been Spotless For More Than Two Weeks.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2000). Maintaining Effective Control Over Employee Time and Attendance Reporting (No. GAO-01-186G). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Francom, C. (2012). Análisis sociolingüístico de eleccion de lengua en encuentros de servicio: Una perspectiva etnográfica y experimental (Doctoral dissertation). University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B., & Heller, S. (2016, November 24). Say It With Tickets. New York Times, p. C10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rogers, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Rogers, 2012; Suster & Bate, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Suster & Bate, 2002)
Three authors: (Jeffery, Tout, & Lattanzio, 2006)
6 or more authors: (Sumioka, Nakae, Kanai, & Ishiguro, 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychological Medicine
Abbreviation	Psychol. Med.
ISSN (print)	0033-2917
ISSN (online)	1469-8978
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Applied Psychology