How to format your references using the Psychological Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychological Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bascompte J (2010) Ecology. Structure and dynamics of ecological networks. Science (New York, N.Y.) 329, 765–766.

A journal article with 2 authors

Park J, Levin V (2002) Seismic anisotropy: tracing plate dynamics in the mantle. Science (New York, N.Y.) 296, 485–489.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ko HW, Jiang J, Edery I (2002) Role for Slimb in the degradation of Drosophila Period protein phosphorylated by Doubletime. Nature 420, 673–678.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Tzoneva G, Dieck CL, Oshima K, Ambesi-Impiombato A, Sánchez-Martín M, Madubata CJ, Khiabanian H, Yu J, Waanders E, Iacobucci I, Sulis ML, Kato M, Koh K, Paganin M, Basso G, Gastier-Foster JM, Loh ML, Kirschner-Schwabe R, Mullighan CG, Rabadan R, Ferrando AA (2018) Clonal evolution mechanisms in NT5C2 mutant-relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Nature 553, 511–514.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stamp M (2011) Information Security. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Clark JA, Paige RF, Polack FAC, Brooke PJ (eds) (2006) Security in Pervasive Computing: Third International Conference, SPC 2006, York, UK, April 18-21, 2006. Proceedings. vol 3934 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Féray V, Méliot P-L, Nikeghbali A (2016) Fluctuations in the non-lattice case. In Mod-ϕ Convergence: Normality Zones and Precise Deviations (ed. P.-L. Méliot and A. Nikeghbali) SpringerBriefs in Probability and Mathematical Statistics , pp 33–50 Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychological Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Our Latest Scientific Research Partner Was A Medieval Bishop. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/our-latest-scientific-research-partner-was-medieval-bishop/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) A Judgmental Call: Measuring the Safety of the Airlines.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Meluzzi D (2013) Computational Analysis of DNA Interactions to Investigate the Spatial Organization of Chromatin. Doctoral dissertation. La Jolla, CA: University of California San Diego.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B (2017) A Clown and a Correspondent Join the Global Elite. New York Times 19 January A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bascompte, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Park and Levin, 2002; Bascompte, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Park and Levin, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Tzoneva et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychological Medicine
Abbreviation	Psychol. Med.
ISSN (print)	0033-2917
ISSN (online)	1469-8978
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Applied Psychology