How to format your references using the Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nordlander, P. (2014). Applied physics. Molecular tuning of quantum plasmon resonances. Science (New York, N.Y.), 343(6178), 1444–1445.

A journal article with 2 authors

Winograd, I. J., & Roseboom, E. H., Jr. (2008). Nuclear waste. Yucca Mountain revisited. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5882), 1426–1427.

A journal article with 3 authors

Catalli, K., Shim, S.-H., & Prakapenka, V. (2009). Thickness and Clapeyron slope of the post-perovskite boundary. Nature, 462(7274), 782–785.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Schoch, S., Castillo, P. E., Jo, T., Mukherjee, K., Geppert, M., Wang, Y., Schmitz, F., Malenka, R. C., & Südhof, T. C. (2002). RIM1alpha forms a protein scaffold for regulating neurotransmitter release at the active zone. Nature, 415(6869), 321–326.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Levander, C. F. (2013). Where is American Literature? Wiley Blackwell.

An edited book

Shpak, A. P., & Gorbyk, P. P. (Eds.). (2010). Nanomaterials and Supramolecular Structures: Physics, Chemistry, and Applications. Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Stanta, G. (2015). Tissue Heterogeneity as a Pre-analytical Source of Variability. In M. Dietel, C. Wittekind, G. Bussolati, & M. von Winterfeld (Eds.), Pre-Analytics of Pathological Specimens in Oncology (pp. 35–43). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, August 6). Scientists Change Butterfly Wings From Brown To Violet In Just 6 Generations. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-change-butterfly-wings-brown-violet-just-6-generations/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1982). Improving the Collection of Debts Owed the Government (117802). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dixon-Thompson, T. L. (2015). The relationship between the usage of a Computer Assisted Instructional (CAI) program, Ticket to Read (T2R) and reading achievement in third grade [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick, B. (2016, November 23). Goldie’s. New York Times, D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nordlander, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Nordlander, 2014; Winograd & Roseboom, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Winograd & Roseboom, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Schoch et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
Abbreviation	Psychoanal. Psychother.
ISSN (print)	0266-8734
ISSN (online)	1474-9734
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology