How to format your references using the Psychiatric Services citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychiatric Services. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Thompson JN: Evolution. The role of coevolution. Science 335: 410–411, 2012.

A journal article with 2 authors

Reichmanis E, Nalamasu O: Applied physics. Testing the limits for resists. Science 297: 349–350, 2002.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pollack SE, Dries D, Hulet RG: Universality in three- and four-body bound states of ultracold atoms. Science 326: 1683–1685, 2009.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nyberg J, Malmgren BA, Winter A, et al.: Low Atlantic hurricane activity in the 1970s and 1980s compared to the past 270 years. Nature 447: 698–701, 2007.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Strome TL: Healthcare Analytics for Quality and Performance Improvement. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013

An edited book

Fitter J: Neutron Scattering in Biology: Techniques and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2006

A chapter in an edited book

Scesi L, Gattinoni P: Methods and Models to Simulate the Groundwater Flow in Rock Masses; in Water Circulation in Rocks. Edited by Gattinoni P. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychiatric Services.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J: This 360-Degree Camera Will Give You A Virtual Reality Astronaut Experience On The ISS. IFLScience. , 2015.Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/360-degree-camera-will-give-you-virtual-reality-astronaut-experience-iss/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Transportation Infrastructure: Central Artery/Tunnel Project Faces Financial Uncertainties. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shlapak A: Mental health of foster youth in Ventura County [Doctoral dissertation]. Long Beach, CA, California State University, Long Beach, 2013

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yablonsky L: Road Scholar. New York Times. M226, 2008.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychiatric Services
Abbreviation	Psychiatr. Serv.
ISSN (print)	1075-2730
ISSN (online)	1557-9700
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health